biostudies-literaturePatton JBHHS | National Institutes of HealthHoward Hughes Medical InstituteNIDDK NIH HHSNIAID NIH HHS204-209https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC5776800biostudies-literatureUnknown115(1)<i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i> hyperinfection causes high mortality rates in humans, and, while hyperinfection can be induced by immunosuppressive glucocorticoids, the pathogenesis remains unknown. Since immunocompetent mice are resistant to infection with <i>S. stercoralis</i>, we hypothesized that NSG mice, which have a reduced innate immune response and lack adaptive immunity, would be susceptible to the infection and develop hyperinfection. Interestingly, despite the presence of large numbers of adult and first-stage larvae in <i>S. stercoralis</i>-infected NSG mice, no hyperinfection was observed even when the mice were treated with a monoclonal antibody to eliminate residual granulocyte activity. NSG mice were then infected with third-stage larvae and treated for 6 wk with methylprProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of AmericaMethylprednisolone acetate induces, and Δ7-dafachronic acid suppresses, <i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i> hyperinfection in NSG mice.PMC5776800R01 AI050668N/ADK067158R01 DK067158AI105856R21 AI105856OD P40-10939R33 AI105856R01 AI022662Patton JBBonne-Annee SEberhard MLDeckman JMangelsdorf DJLok JBKliewer SAAbraham DTorigian ADurham ACHess JALee JJNolan TJWang ZfalseMethylprednisolone acetate induces, and Δ7-dafachronic acid suppresses, <i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i> hyperinfection in NSG mice.<i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i> hyperinfection causes high mortality rates in humans, and, while hyperinfection can be induced by immunosuppressive glucocorticoids, the pathogenesis remains unknown. Since immunocompetent mice are resistant to infection with <i>S. stercoralis</i>, we hypothesized that NSG mice, which have a reduced innate immune response and lack adaptive immunity, would be susceptible to the infection and develop hyperinfection. Interestingly, despite the presence of large numbers of adult and first-stage larvae in <i>S. stercoralis</i>-infected NSG mice, no hyperinfection was observed even when the mice were treated with a monoclonal antibody to eliminate residual granulocyte activity. NSG mice were then infected with third-stage larvae and treated for 6 wk with methylpr2018-01-01T00:00:00Z2018 Jan2026-05-06T00:27:04.232Z2019-03-26T23:44:09ZS-EPMC57768002920366210.1073/pnas.1712235114