biostudies-literatureSatterfield BCNHLBI NIH HHSNCI NIH HHSNational Institutes of HealthSleep Research Society FoundationOffice of the Assistant Secretary for Health179-186https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC5801055biostudies-literatureUnknown99Adaptive decision making is profoundly impaired by total sleep deprivation (TSD). This suggests that TSD impacts fronto-striatal pathways involved in cognitive control, where dopamine is a key neuromodulator. In the prefrontal cortex (PFC), dopamine is catabolized by the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). A functional polymorphism (Val158Met) influences COMT's enzymatic activity, resulting in markedly different levels of prefrontal dopamine. We investigated the effect of this polymorphism on adaptive decision making during TSD. Sixty-six healthy young adults participated in one of two in-laboratory studies. After a baseline day, subjects were randomized to either a TSD group (n = 32) with 38 h or 62 h of extended wakefulness or a well-rested control group (n = 34) with 10 h nighttCortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behaviorCatechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) genotype affects cognitive control during total sleep deprivation.PMC5801055R01HL105768DTFAAC-11-A-00003R01 HL105768R21 CA167691R21CA167691Wisor JPSatterfield BCVan Dongen HPAHinson JMSchmidt MAWhitney PfalseCatechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) genotype affects cognitive control during total sleep deprivation.Adaptive decision making is profoundly impaired by total sleep deprivation (TSD). This suggests that TSD impacts fronto-striatal pathways involved in cognitive control, where dopamine is a key neuromodulator. In the prefrontal cortex (PFC), dopamine is catabolized by the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). A functional polymorphism (Val158Met) influences COMT's enzymatic activity, resulting in markedly different levels of prefrontal dopamine. We investigated the effect of this polymorphism on adaptive decision making during TSD. Sixty-six healthy young adults participated in one of two in-laboratory studies. After a baseline day, subjects were randomized to either a TSD group (n = 32) with 38 h or 62 h of extended wakefulness or a well-rested control group (n = 34) with 10 h nightt2018-01-01T00:00:00Z2018 Feb2025-04-05T12:16:38.895Z2019-03-26T22:46:45ZS-EPMC58010552924885710.1016/j.cortex.2017.11.012