biostudies-literatureFrank SNatural Environment Research Council1060https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC5849693biostudies-literatureUnknown9(1)Agriculture is the single largest source of anthropogenic non-carbon dioxide (non-CO₂) emissions. Reaching the climate target of the Paris Agreement will require significant emission reductions across sectors by 2030 and continued efforts thereafter. Here we show that the economic potential of non-CO₂ emissions reductions from agriculture is up to four times as high as previously estimated. In fact, we find that agriculture could achieve already at a carbon price of 25 $/tCO₂eq non-CO₂ reductions of around 1 GtCO₂eq/year by 2030 mainly through the adoption of technical and structural mitigation options. At 100 $/tCO₂eq agriculture could even provide non-CO₂ reductions of 2.6 GtCO₂eq/year in 2050 includiNature communicationsStructural change as a key component for agricultural non-CO₂ mitigation efforts.PMC5849693NE/M021327/1Havlik PFrank SCreason JRagnauth SObersteiner MHasegawa TMosnier AHerrero MBeach RValin HfalseStructural change as a key component for agricultural non-CO₂ mitigation efforts.Agriculture is the single largest source of anthropogenic non-carbon dioxide (non-CO₂) emissions. Reaching the climate target of the Paris Agreement will require significant emission reductions across sectors by 2030 and continued efforts thereafter. Here we show that the economic potential of non-CO₂ emissions reductions from agriculture is up to four times as high as previously estimated. In fact, we find that agriculture could achieve already at a carbon price of 25 $/tCO₂eq non-CO₂ reductions of around 1 GtCO₂eq/year by 2030 mainly through the adoption of technical and structural mitigation options. At 100 $/tCO₂eq agriculture could even provide non-CO₂ reductions of 2.6 GtCO₂eq/year in 2050 includi2018-01-01T00:00:00Z2018 Mar2025-04-18T20:16:44.105Z2019-03-26T23:18:03ZS-EPMC58496932953530910.1038/s41467-018-03489-1