biostudies-literatureGrutzner EMDeutsches Zentrum für InfektionsforschungElse Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung811https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC5936794biostudies-literatureUnknown9In untreated HIV infection, the efficacy of T cell responses decreases over the disease course, resulting in disease progression. The reasons for this development are not completely understood. However, immunosuppressive cells are supposedly crucially involved. Treatment strategies to avoid the induction of these cells preserve immune functions and are therefore the object of intense research efforts. In this study, we assessed the effect of treatment intensification [=5-drug antiretroviral therapy (ART)] on the development of suppressive cell subsets. The New Era (NE) study recruited patients with primary HIV infection (PHI) or chronically HIV-infected patients with conventional ART (CHI) and applied an intensified 5-drug regimen containing maraviroc and raltegravir for several years. We Frontiers in immunologyTreatment Intensification in HIV-Infected Patients Is Associated With Reduced Frequencies of Regulatory T Cells.PMC59367942014_A217TTU 04.811Draenert RNeizert AWolf EBogner JRPauli RUlmer AJaeger HBrust JGrutzner EMHoffmann TGersbacher EStirner RfalseTreatment Intensification in HIV-Infected Patients Is Associated With Reduced Frequencies of Regulatory T Cells.In untreated HIV infection, the efficacy of T cell responses decreases over the disease course, resulting in disease progression. The reasons for this development are not completely understood. However, immunosuppressive cells are supposedly crucially involved. Treatment strategies to avoid the induction of these cells preserve immune functions and are therefore the object of intense research efforts. In this study, we assessed the effect of treatment intensification [=5-drug antiretroviral therapy (ART)] on the development of suppressive cell subsets. The New Era (NE) study recruited patients with primary HIV infection (PHI) or chronically HIV-infected patients with conventional ART (CHI) and applied an intensified 5-drug regimen containing maraviroc and raltegravir for several years. We 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z20182026-04-07T14:36:46.603Z2019-03-26T23:37:37ZS-EPMC59367942976069310.3389/fimmu.2018.00811