biostudies-literatureUnknown9Petri RMExtruded flaxseed (25%) and ground hay (75%) were each fed (DM basis) either together in a total mixed ration (TMR) or as flaxseed first followed by hay (non-TMR) to three pens of eight crossbred steers (<i>n</i> = 24 per diet) for 240 days. Compared to TMR, feeding non-TMR enriched subcutaneous fat with α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) and its biohydrogenation intermediates including vaccenic acid [<i>trans</i>(<i>t</i>)11-18:1], rumenic acid [<i>cis</i>(<i>c</i>)9,<i>t</i>11-conjugated linoleic acid] and conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA). Rumen microbial analysis using QIIME indicated that 14 genera differed (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05) between TMR and the non-TMR. <i>Azoarcus</i> and <i>Streptococcus</i> were the only genera which increased in relative abundance in the TMR fed steers, whereas <i>MetFrontiers in microbiology1055https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC5981202biostudies-literatureChanges in Rumen Microbial Profiles and Subcutaneous Fat Composition When Feeding Extruded Flaxseed Mixed With or Before Hay.PMC5981202Dugan MERYang HEMcAllister TAPetri RMVahmani PfalseChanges in Rumen Microbial Profiles and Subcutaneous Fat Composition When Feeding Extruded Flaxseed Mixed With or Before Hay.Extruded flaxseed (25%) and ground hay (75%) were each fed (DM basis) either together in a total mixed ration (TMR) or as flaxseed first followed by hay (non-TMR) to three pens of eight crossbred steers (<i>n</i> = 24 per diet) for 240 days. Compared to TMR, feeding non-TMR enriched subcutaneous fat with α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) and its biohydrogenation intermediates including vaccenic acid [<i>trans</i>(<i>t</i>)11-18:1], rumenic acid [<i>cis</i>(<i>c</i>)9,<i>t</i>11-conjugated linoleic acid] and conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA). Rumen microbial analysis using QIIME indicated that 14 genera differed (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05) between TMR and the non-TMR. <i>Azoarcus</i> and <i>Streptococcus</i> were the only genera which increased in relative abundance in the TMR fed steers, whereas <i>Met2018-01-01T00:00:00Z20182026-04-07T15:31:17.185Z2019-03-26T23:41:16ZS-EPMC59812022988784110.3389/fmicb.2018.01055