{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":{"citationCount":0,"reanalysisCount":0,"viewCount":60,"searchCount":0},"additional":{"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["9"],"submitter":["Schott N"],"pubmed_abstract":["The evidence supporting the effects of age on the ability to coordinate a motor and a cognitive task show inconsistent results in children and adolescents, where the Dual-Task Effects (DTE) - if computed at all - range from either being lower or comparable or higher in younger children than in older children, adolescents and adults. A feasible reason for the variability in such findings is the wide range of cognitive tasks (and to some extend of motor tasks) used to study Cognitive-Motor Interference (CMI). Our study aims at determining the differences in CMI when performing cognitive tasks targeting different cognitive functions at varying walking pathways. 69 children and adolescents (boys, <i>n</i> = 45; girls, <i>n</i> = 24; mean age, 11.5 ± 1.50 years) completed higher-level executive function tasks (2-Back, Serial Subtraction, Auditory Stroop, Clock Task, TMT-B) in comparison to non-executive distracter tasks [Motor Response Task (MRT), TMT-A] to assess relative effects on gait during straight vs. repeated Change of Direction (COD) walking. DT during COD walking was assessed using the Trail-Walking-Test (TWT). The motor and cognitive DTE were calculated for each task. There were significant differences between 5th and 8th graders on single gait speed on the straight (<i>p</i> = 0.016) and the COD pathway (<i>p</i> = 0.023), but not on any of the DT conditions. The calculation of DTEs revealed that motor DTEs were lowest for the MRT and highest for the TWT in the numbers/letters condition (<i>p</i> < 0.05 for all comparisons). In contrast, there were cognitive benefits for the higher-order cognitive tasks on the straight pathways, but cognitive costs for both DT conditions on the COD pathway (<i>p</i> < 0.01 for all comparisons). Our findings demonstrate that DT changes in walking when completing a secondary task that involve higher-level cognition are attributable to more than low-level divided attention or motor response processes. These results specifically show the direct competition for higher-level executive function resources important for walking, and are in agreement with previous studies supporting the cognitive-motor link in relation to gait in children. This might be in line with the idea that younger children may not have adequate cognitive resources."],"journal":["Frontiers in psychology"],"pagination":["947"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC6008773"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"pubmed_title":["Profiles of Cognitive-Motor Interference During Walking in Children: Does the Motor or the Cognitive Task Matter?"],"pmcid":["PMC6008773"],"pubmed_authors":["Schott N","Klotzbier TJ"],"view_count":["60"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Profiles of Cognitive-Motor Interference During Walking in Children: Does the Motor or the Cognitive Task Matter?","description":"The evidence supporting the effects of age on the ability to coordinate a motor and a cognitive task show inconsistent results in children and adolescents, where the Dual-Task Effects (DTE) - if computed at all - range from either being lower or comparable or higher in younger children than in older children, adolescents and adults. A feasible reason for the variability in such findings is the wide range of cognitive tasks (and to some extend of motor tasks) used to study Cognitive-Motor Interference (CMI). Our study aims at determining the differences in CMI when performing cognitive tasks targeting different cognitive functions at varying walking pathways. 69 children and adolescents (boys, <i>n</i> = 45; girls, <i>n</i> = 24; mean age, 11.5 ± 1.50 years) completed higher-level executive function tasks (2-Back, Serial Subtraction, Auditory Stroop, Clock Task, TMT-B) in comparison to non-executive distracter tasks [Motor Response Task (MRT), TMT-A] to assess relative effects on gait during straight vs. repeated Change of Direction (COD) walking. DT during COD walking was assessed using the Trail-Walking-Test (TWT). The motor and cognitive DTE were calculated for each task. There were significant differences between 5th and 8th graders on single gait speed on the straight (<i>p</i> = 0.016) and the COD pathway (<i>p</i> = 0.023), but not on any of the DT conditions. The calculation of DTEs revealed that motor DTEs were lowest for the MRT and highest for the TWT in the numbers/letters condition (<i>p</i> < 0.05 for all comparisons). In contrast, there were cognitive benefits for the higher-order cognitive tasks on the straight pathways, but cognitive costs for both DT conditions on the COD pathway (<i>p</i> < 0.01 for all comparisons). Our findings demonstrate that DT changes in walking when completing a secondary task that involve higher-level cognition are attributable to more than low-level divided attention or motor response processes. These results specifically show the direct competition for higher-level executive function resources important for walking, and are in agreement with previous studies supporting the cognitive-motor link in relation to gait in children. This might be in line with the idea that younger children may not have adequate cognitive resources.","dates":{"release":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2018","modification":"2024-11-07T07:12:12.079Z","creation":"2019-03-26T23:43:39Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC6008773","cross_references":{"pubmed":["29951020"],"doi":["10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00947"]}}