biostudies-literatureUnknown9Colucci RNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can damage the small intestine, mainly through an involvement of enteric bacteria. This study examined the pathophysiology of NSAID-associated intestinal lesions in a rat model of diclofenac-enteropathy and evaluated the effect of rifaximin on small bowel damage. Enteropathy was induced in 40-week old male rats by intragastric diclofenac (4 mg/kg BID, 14 days). Rifaximin (delayed release formulation) was administered (50 mg/kg BID) 1 h before the NSAID. At the end of treatments, parameters dealing with ileal damage, inflammation, barrier integrity, microbiota composition, and TLR-NF-κB-inflammasome pathway were evaluated. In addition, the modulating effect of rifaximin on NLRP3 inflammasome was tested in an <i>in vitro</i> cell system. DiclofeFrontiers in pharmacology1340https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC6281992biostudies-literaturePathophysiology of NSAID-Associated Intestinal Lesions in the Rat: Luminal Bacteria and Mucosal Inflammation as Targets for Prevention.PMC6281992Scarpignato CGentile DFulceri FTirotta EFornai MBenvenuti LColucci RNatale GPellegrini CAntonioli LPalazon-Riquelme PRenzulli CGhelardi EPiccoli EBlandizzi CLopez-Castejon GfalsePathophysiology of NSAID-Associated Intestinal Lesions in the Rat: Luminal Bacteria and Mucosal Inflammation as Targets for Prevention.Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can damage the small intestine, mainly through an involvement of enteric bacteria. This study examined the pathophysiology of NSAID-associated intestinal lesions in a rat model of diclofenac-enteropathy and evaluated the effect of rifaximin on small bowel damage. Enteropathy was induced in 40-week old male rats by intragastric diclofenac (4 mg/kg BID, 14 days). Rifaximin (delayed release formulation) was administered (50 mg/kg BID) 1 h before the NSAID. At the end of treatments, parameters dealing with ileal damage, inflammation, barrier integrity, microbiota composition, and TLR-NF-κB-inflammasome pathway were evaluated. In addition, the modulating effect of rifaximin on NLRP3 inflammasome was tested in an <i>in vitro</i> cell system. Diclofe2018-01-01T00:00:00Z20182026-05-06T03:09:29.697Z2019-03-27T00:12:16ZS-EPMC62819923055532310.3389/fphar.2018.01340