biostudies-literatureBallard PLNHLBI NIH HHS305-311https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC6377352biostudies-literatureUnknown85(3)<h4>Background</h4>Many premature infants with respiratory failure are deficient in surfactant, but the relationship to occurrence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is uncertain.<h4>Methods</h4>Tracheal aspirates were collected from 209 treated and control infants enrolled at 7-14 days in the Trial of Late Surfactant. The content of phospholipid, surfactant protein B, and total protein were determined in large aggregate (active) surfactant.<h4>Results</h4>At 24 h, surfactant treatment transiently increased surfactant protein B content (70%, p < 0.01), but did not affect recovered airway surfactant or total protein/phospholipid. The level of recovered surfactant during dosing was directly associated with content of surfactant protein B (r = 0.50, p < 0.00001) and inversely related to totaPediatric researchSurfactant status and respiratory outcome in premature infants receiving late surfactant treatment.PMC6377352U01 HL101798U01 HL094338U01 HL094355Keller RLTruog WEChapin CSegal MRBallard RAHorneman HBallard PLTolsurf InvestigatorsfalseSurfactant status and respiratory outcome in premature infants receiving late surfactant treatment.<h4>Background</h4>Many premature infants with respiratory failure are deficient in surfactant, but the relationship to occurrence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is uncertain.<h4>Methods</h4>Tracheal aspirates were collected from 209 treated and control infants enrolled at 7-14 days in the Trial of Late Surfactant. The content of phospholipid, surfactant protein B, and total protein were determined in large aggregate (active) surfactant.<h4>Results</h4>At 24 h, surfactant treatment transiently increased surfactant protein B content (70%, p < 0.01), but did not affect recovered airway surfactant or total protein/phospholipid. The level of recovered surfactant during dosing was directly associated with content of surfactant protein B (r = 0.50, p < 0.00001) and inversely related to tota2019-01-01T00:00:00Z2019 Feb2025-04-18T17:55:54.571Z2019-03-26T22:55:53ZS-EPMC63773523014006910.1038/s41390-018-0144-3