biostudies-literatureUnknown2(4)Zegri-Reiriz I<h4>Background</h4>Since 2011, several cases of health care-related disseminated <i>Mycobacterium chimaera</i> infection outbreaks have been reported subsequent to cardiac surgery. Diagnosis is difficult and the prognosis is extremely poor despite long-term antibiotic treatment and surgery.<h4>Case summary</h4>We report a Spanish case of <i>M. chimaera</i> infective endocarditis (IE) with disseminated infection. The patient was treated with long-term antibiotic therapy, valve replacement, and the novel use of interferon-gamma as adjuvant therapy. In addition, [¹⁸F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) was used in combination with computed tomography (CT) to facilitate the diagnosis as well as to determine the duration of antibiotics and success of treatmenEuropean heart journal. Case reportsyty142https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC6426088biostudies-literatureSuccessful treatment of healthcare-associated <i>Mycobacterium chimaera</i> prosthetic infective endocarditis: the first Spanish case report.PMC6426088Garcia-Pavia PDominguez FMillan RRamos-Martinez ARodriguez-Alfonso BForteza AZegri-Reiriz ICobo-Marcos MfalseSuccessful treatment of healthcare-associated <i>Mycobacterium chimaera</i> prosthetic infective endocarditis: the first Spanish case report.<h4>Background</h4>Since 2011, several cases of health care-related disseminated <i>Mycobacterium chimaera</i> infection outbreaks have been reported subsequent to cardiac surgery. Diagnosis is difficult and the prognosis is extremely poor despite long-term antibiotic treatment and surgery.<h4>Case summary</h4>We report a Spanish case of <i>M. chimaera</i> infective endocarditis (IE) with disseminated infection. The patient was treated with long-term antibiotic therapy, valve replacement, and the novel use of interferon-gamma as adjuvant therapy. In addition, [¹⁸F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) was used in combination with computed tomography (CT) to facilitate the diagnosis as well as to determine the duration of antibiotics and success of treatmen2018-01-01T00:00:00Z2018 Dec2025-04-04T08:36:48.177Z2019-06-06T22:54:12ZS-EPMC64260883102021810.1093/ehjcr/yty142