biostudies-literatureLindahl LMLEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research CenterThe Danish Cancer SocietyNCI NIH HHSNovo Nordisk FondenLundbeck Foundation1072-1083https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC6764271biostudies-literatureUnknown134(13)It has been proposed that CD4 T-cell responses to <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (SA) can inadvertently enhance neoplastic progression in models of skin cancer and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). In this prospective study, we explored the effect of transient antibiotic treatment on tumor cells and disease activity in 8 patients with advanced-stage CTCL. All patients experienced significant decrease in clinical symptoms in response to aggressive, transient antibiotic treatment. In some patients, clinical improvements lasted for more than 8 months. In 6 of 8 patients, a malignant T-cell clone could be identified in lesional skin, and a significant decrease in the fraction of malignant T cells was observed following antibiotics but an otherwise unchanged treatment regimen. Immunohistochemistry, global messenger RNA expression, and cell-signaling pathway analysis indicated that transient aggressive antibiotic therapy was associated with decreased expression of interleukin-2 high-affinity receptors (CD25), STAT3 signaling, and cell proliferation in lesional skin. In conclusion, this study provides novel evidence suggesting that aggressive antibiotic treatment inhibits malignant T cells in lesional skin. Thus, we provide a novel rationale for treatment of SA in advanced CTCL.BloodAntibiotics inhibit tumor and disease activity in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.PMC6764271Bonefeld-Geisler GroupR204-A12565NNF15OC0018774R167-A11085R72-A4571R198-2015-486R231-2016-2628R132-A8475P30 CA006927Woetmann-Ødum GroupGluud MWoetmann AGeisler CBlumel EBzorek MKrejsgaard TWillerslev-Olsen ABonefeld CMPeiffer LLitman TWasik MALanghoff EKubat LFredholm SNielsen PRStausbol-Gron BEriksen JOGivskov MLindahl LMRittig AHNastasi CHerpers BKilian MJohansen CCelis PBuus TBGjerdrum LMRMustelin TOdum NIversen LBecker JCfalseAntibiotics inhibit tumor and disease activity in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.It has been proposed that CD4 T-cell responses to <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (SA) can inadvertently enhance neoplastic progression in models of skin cancer and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). In this prospective study, we explored the effect of transient antibiotic treatment on tumor cells and disease activity in 8 patients with advanced-stage CTCL. All patients experienced significant decrease in clinical symptoms in response to aggressive, transient antibiotic treatment. In some patients, clinical improvements lasted for more than 8 months. In 6 of 8 patients, a malignant T-cell clone could be identified in lesional skin, and a significant decrease in the fraction of malignant T cells was observed following antibiotics but an otherwise unchanged treatment regimen. Immunohistochemistry, global messenger RNA expression, and cell-signaling pathway analysis indicated that transient aggressive antibiotic therapy was associated with decreased expression of interleukin-2 high-affinity receptors (CD25), STAT3 signaling, and cell proliferation in lesional skin. In conclusion, this study provides novel evidence suggesting that aggressive antibiotic treatment inhibits malignant T cells in lesional skin. Thus, we provide a novel rationale for treatment of SA in advanced CTCL.2019-01-01T00:00:00Z2019 Sep2024-10-18T06:12:01.146Z2020-09-30T07:03:35ZS-EPMC67642713133192010.1182/blood.2018888107