biostudies-literatureDhaeze TCIHR652-665https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC6804668biostudies-literatureUnknown16(7)CD70 is the unique ligand of CD27 and is expressed on immune cells only upon activation. Therefore, engagement of the costimulatory CD27/CD70 pathway is solely dependent on upregulation of CD70. However, the T cell-intrinsic effect and function of human CD70 remain underexplored. Herein, we describe that CD70 expression distinguishes proinflammatory CD4⁺ T lymphocytes that display an increased potential to migrate into the central nervous system (CNS). Upregulation of CD70 on CD4⁺ T lymphocytes is induced by TGF-β1 and TGF-β3, which promote a pathogenic phenotype. In addition, CD70 is associated with a T_H1 and T_H17 profile of lymphocytes and is important for T-bet and IFN-γ expression by both T helper subtypes. Moreover, adoptive transfer of CD70Cellular & molecular immunologyCD70 defines a subset of proinflammatory and CNS-pathogenic T_H1/T_H17 lymphocytes and is overexpressed in multiple sclerosis.PMC6804668PJI-153195MOP 89885Dhaeze TAyrignac XPrat APeelen EGrasmuck CLarochelle CGirard MMoumdjian RRebillard RMPoirier JLahav BBouthillier ALarouche SLachance CZandee SDuquette PBourbonniere LTremblay LfalseCD70 defines a subset of proinflammatory and CNS-pathogenic T_H1/T_H17 lymphocytes and is overexpressed in multiple sclerosis.CD70 is the unique ligand of CD27 and is expressed on immune cells only upon activation. Therefore, engagement of the costimulatory CD27/CD70 pathway is solely dependent on upregulation of CD70. However, the T cell-intrinsic effect and function of human CD70 remain underexplored. Herein, we describe that CD70 expression distinguishes proinflammatory CD4⁺ T lymphocytes that display an increased potential to migrate into the central nervous system (CNS). Upregulation of CD70 on CD4⁺ T lymphocytes is induced by TGF-β1 and TGF-β3, which promote a pathogenic phenotype. In addition, CD70 is associated with a T_H1 and T_H17 profile of lymphocytes and is important for T-bet and IFN-γ expression by both T helper subtypes. Moreover, adoptive transfer of CD702019-01-01T00:00:00Z2019 Jul2025-04-19T03:38:11.258Z2020-07-04T07:18:36ZS-EPMC68046683063564910.1038/s41423-018-0198-5