biostudies-literatureMiller MLAmerican Heart AssociationHHS | National Institutes of HealthNICHD NIH HHSHoward Hughes Medical InstituteNIAID NIH HHSNHLBI NIH HHSHHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteHHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases23682-23690https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC6876241biostudies-literatureUnknown116(47)Following antigen stimulation, naïve T cells differentiate into memory cells that mediate antigen clearance more efficiently upon repeat encounter. Donor-specific tolerance can be achieved in a subset of transplant recipients, but some of these grafts are rejected after years of stability, often following infections. Whether T cell memory can develop from a tolerant state and whether these formerly tolerant patients develop antidonor memory is not known. Using a mouse model of cardiac transplantation in which donor-specific tolerance is induced with costimulation blockade (CoB) plus donor-specific transfusion (DST), we have previously shown that systemic infection with <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> (Lm) months after transplantation can erode or transiently abrogate established tolerance. IProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of AmericaResilience of T cell-intrinsic dysfunction in transplantation tolerance.PMC6876241T32 HL07237P01AI-97113T32 HL007237P01 AI09711356006772T32 HD00700915PRE2218000713PRE14550022Mora Solano CChong ASWang PAlegre MLMiller MLChen LMcIntosh CMWatkins ELei YMWang YDaniels MDfalseResilience of T cell-intrinsic dysfunction in transplantation tolerance.Following antigen stimulation, naïve T cells differentiate into memory cells that mediate antigen clearance more efficiently upon repeat encounter. Donor-specific tolerance can be achieved in a subset of transplant recipients, but some of these grafts are rejected after years of stability, often following infections. Whether T cell memory can develop from a tolerant state and whether these formerly tolerant patients develop antidonor memory is not known. Using a mouse model of cardiac transplantation in which donor-specific tolerance is induced with costimulation blockade (CoB) plus donor-specific transfusion (DST), we have previously shown that systemic infection with <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> (Lm) months after transplantation can erode or transiently abrogate established tolerance. I2019-01-01T00:00:00Z2019 Nov2025-05-31T23:02:43.121Z2025-05-31T23:02:43.121ZS-EPMC68762413168561010.1073/pnas.1910298116