biostudies-literatureUnknownMei KCGeneralitat de CatalunyaMINECOChina Scholarship CouncilSevero Ochoa programmeGraduate School International ResearchMinisterio de Economía y CompetitividadBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research CouncilThe British CouncilCERCAEngineering and Physical Sciences Research CouncilHard corona (HC) protein, i.e., the environmental proteins of the biological medium that are bound to a nanosurface, is known to affect the biological fate of a nanomedicine. Due to the size, curvature, and specific surface area (SSA) 3-factor interactions inherited in the traditional 3D nanoparticle, HC-dependent bio-nano interactions are often poorly probed and interpreted. Here, the first HC-by-design case study in 2D is demonstrated that sequentially and linearly changes the HC quantity using functionalized graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets. The HC quantity and HC quality are analyzed using NanoDrop and label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) followed by principal component analysis (PCA). Cellular responses (uptake and cytotoxicity in J774 cell model) are compared usinAdvanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)e1802732https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC6952277biostudies-literatureProtein-Corona-by-Design in 2D: A Reliable Platform to Decode Bio-Nano Interactions for the Next-Generation Quality-by-Design Nanomedicines.PMC6952277337313EP/N013506/1BB/J008656/1SEV-2013-0295Ghazaryan ALi YMei KCMailander VBallesteros BSummers HDHider RCAl-Jamal KTTeoh EZPiasecka JWalters AfalseProtein-Corona-by-Design in 2D: A Reliable Platform to Decode Bio-Nano Interactions for the Next-Generation Quality-by-Design Nanomedicines.Hard corona (HC) protein, i.e., the environmental proteins of the biological medium that are bound to a nanosurface, is known to affect the biological fate of a nanomedicine. Due to the size, curvature, and specific surface area (SSA) 3-factor interactions inherited in the traditional 3D nanoparticle, HC-dependent bio-nano interactions are often poorly probed and interpreted. Here, the first HC-by-design case study in 2D is demonstrated that sequentially and linearly changes the HC quantity using functionalized graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets. The HC quantity and HC quality are analyzed using NanoDrop and label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) followed by principal component analysis (PCA). Cellular responses (uptake and cytotoxicity in J774 cell model) are compared usin2018-01-01T00:00:00Z2018 Aug2025-04-19T03:37:26.197Z2020-05-22T07:24:32ZS-EPMC69522773014416610.1002/adma.201802732