biostudies-literatureMartinez-Gualda BChina Scholarship CouncilEU FP7 Industry-Academia Partnerships and Pathways Project AIROPICO“The Centers of Excellence” of the KU LeuvenSpanish MEC/MINECOEU FP7Spanish Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasSpanish Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (MINECO)EU FP7 SILVERBelgian Interuniversity Attraction Poles (IAP) Phase VII–P7/45 (BELVIR)Project EUVIRNA210-214https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC7114229biostudies-literatureUnknown168We have previously reported a new class of dendrimers with tryptophan (Trp) residues on the surface that show dual antiviral activities against HIV and enterovirus EV71. The prototype compound of this family is a derivative of pentaerythritol with 12 peripheral Trp groups and trivalent spacer arms. Here a novel series of dendrimers with divalent and tetravalent branched arms, instead of the trivalent ones present on the prototype, has been synthesized and its activity against HIV, EV71 and a panel of 16 different viruses and other pathogens has been determined. Convergent or divergent approaches have been used for the synthesis of these compounds. Our findings demonstrate that only compounds with tetravalent branched arms showed the same anti-HIV and anti-EV71 activity of the prototype (loAntiviral researchModifications in the branched arms of a class of dual inhibitors of HIV and EV71 replication expand their antiviral spectrum.PMC7114229264286CSIC201680E079FP7/2007–2013EF-05/15 and PF-10/18201403250056HEALTH-F3-2010-260644SAF2015-64629-C2-1-RSun LDelang LSchols DNeyts JMarti-Mari OSan-Felix AMirabelli CMartinez-Gualda BCamarasa MJfalseModifications in the branched arms of a class of dual inhibitors of HIV and EV71 replication expand their antiviral spectrum.We have previously reported a new class of dendrimers with tryptophan (Trp) residues on the surface that show dual antiviral activities against HIV and enterovirus EV71. The prototype compound of this family is a derivative of pentaerythritol with 12 peripheral Trp groups and trivalent spacer arms. Here a novel series of dendrimers with divalent and tetravalent branched arms, instead of the trivalent ones present on the prototype, has been synthesized and its activity against HIV, EV71 and a panel of 16 different viruses and other pathogens has been determined. Convergent or divergent approaches have been used for the synthesis of these compounds. Our findings demonstrate that only compounds with tetravalent branched arms showed the same anti-HIV and anti-EV71 activity of the prototype (lo2019-01-01T00:00:00Z2019 Aug2025-04-20T01:42:50.776Z2020-05-22T15:32:29ZS-EPMC71142293122849010.1016/j.antiviral.2019.06.006