biostudies-literatureMoore CAlpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society428https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC7227069biostudies-literatureUnknown20(1)<h4>Background</h4>α-tocopherol (AT) and γ-tocotrienol (GT3) are vitamin E isoforms considered to have potential chemopreventive properties. AT has been widely studied in vitro and in clinical trials with mixed results. The latest clinical study (SELECT trial) tested AT in prostate cancer patients, determined that AT provided no benefit, and could promote cancer. Conversely, GT3 has shown antineoplastic properties in several in vitro studies, with no clinical studies published to date. GT3 causes apoptosis via upregulation of the JNK pathway; however, inhibition results in a partial block of cell death. We compared side by side the mechanistic differences in these cells in response to AT and GT3.<h4>Methods</h4>The effects of GT3 and AT were studied on androgen sensitive LNCaP and androgenBMC cancerUpregulation of pERK and c-JUN by γ-tocotrienol and not α-tocopherol are essential to the differential effect on apoptosis in prostate cancer cells.PMC7227069Postgraduate awardPalau VEKrishnan KMoore CStone WMahboob RLightner JfalseUpregulation of pERK and c-JUN by γ-tocotrienol and not α-tocopherol are essential to the differential effect on apoptosis in prostate cancer cells.<h4>Background</h4>α-tocopherol (AT) and γ-tocotrienol (GT3) are vitamin E isoforms considered to have potential chemopreventive properties. AT has been widely studied in vitro and in clinical trials with mixed results. The latest clinical study (SELECT trial) tested AT in prostate cancer patients, determined that AT provided no benefit, and could promote cancer. Conversely, GT3 has shown antineoplastic properties in several in vitro studies, with no clinical studies published to date. GT3 causes apoptosis via upregulation of the JNK pathway; however, inhibition results in a partial block of cell death. We compared side by side the mechanistic differences in these cells in response to AT and GT3.<h4>Methods</h4>The effects of GT3 and AT were studied on androgen sensitive LNCaP and androgen2020-01-01T00:00:00Z2020 May2025-04-25T21:46:23.403Z2020-05-31T07:02:15ZS-EPMC72270693241434510.1186/s12885-020-06947-6