biostudies-literatureUnknown10(1)Kim HAluminium hydroxide is a well-known adjuvant used in vaccines. Although it can enhance an adaptive immune response to a co-administered antigen, it causes adverse effects, including macrophagic myofasciitis (MMF), subcutaneous pseudolymphoma, and drug hypersensitivity. The object of this study is to demonstrate pediatric cases of aluminium hydroxide-induced diseases focusing on its rarity, under-recognition, and distinctive pathology. Seven child patients with biopsy-proven MMF were retrieved from the Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH) pathology archives from 2015 to 2019. The medical records and immunisation history were reviewed, and a full pathological muscle examination was carried out. The mean age was 1.7 years (8.9-40 months), who had records of vaccination against hepatitis Scientific reports11834https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC7366910biostudies-literatureMacrophagic myofasciitis and subcutaneous pseudolymphoma caused by aluminium adjuvants.PMC7366910Park JWLim KYKim HPark SHKang JfalseMacrophagic myofasciitis and subcutaneous pseudolymphoma caused by aluminium adjuvants.Aluminium hydroxide is a well-known adjuvant used in vaccines. Although it can enhance an adaptive immune response to a co-administered antigen, it causes adverse effects, including macrophagic myofasciitis (MMF), subcutaneous pseudolymphoma, and drug hypersensitivity. The object of this study is to demonstrate pediatric cases of aluminium hydroxide-induced diseases focusing on its rarity, under-recognition, and distinctive pathology. Seven child patients with biopsy-proven MMF were retrieved from the Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH) pathology archives from 2015 to 2019. The medical records and immunisation history were reviewed, and a full pathological muscle examination was carried out. The mean age was 1.7 years (8.9-40 months), who had records of vaccination against hepatitis 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z2020 Jul2025-04-29T10:49:37.297Z2025-04-06T19:38:34.113ZS-EPMC73669103267828110.1038/s41598-020-68849-8