biostudies-literatureMeng JNational Key R&D Program of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)3716https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC7382479biostudies-literatureUnknown11(1)Garnet based solid-state batteries have the advantages of wide electrochemical window and good chemical stability. However, at Li-garnet interface, the poor interfacial wettability due to Li₂CO₃ passivation usually causes large resistance and unstable contact. Here, a Li₂CO₃-affiliative mechanism is proposed for air-accessible interface engineering of garnet electrolyte via facile liquid metal (LM) painting. The natural LM oxide skin enables a superior wettability of LM interlayer towards ceramic electrolyte and Li anode. Therein the removal of Li₂CO₃ passivation network is not necessary, in view of its delamination and fragmentation by LM penetration. This dissipation effect allows the lithiated LM nanodomains to serve as aNature communicationsLi₂CO₃-affiliative mechanism for air-accessible interface engineering of garnet electrolyte via facile liquid metal painting.PMC7382479U1830113517723132197527651802334Lei MLi CZhang YMeng JZhou XfalseLi₂CO₃-affiliative mechanism for air-accessible interface engineering of garnet electrolyte via facile liquid metal painting.Garnet based solid-state batteries have the advantages of wide electrochemical window and good chemical stability. However, at Li-garnet interface, the poor interfacial wettability due to Li₂CO₃ passivation usually causes large resistance and unstable contact. Here, a Li₂CO₃-affiliative mechanism is proposed for air-accessible interface engineering of garnet electrolyte via facile liquid metal (LM) painting. The natural LM oxide skin enables a superior wettability of LM interlayer towards ceramic electrolyte and Li anode. Therein the removal of Li₂CO₃ passivation network is not necessary, in view of its delamination and fragmentation by LM penetration. This dissipation effect allows the lithiated LM nanodomains to serve as a2020-01-01T00:00:00Z2020 Jul2025-04-19T23:01:12.192Z2025-04-19T23:01:12.192ZS-EPMC73824793270991510.1038/s41467-020-17493-x