biostudies-literatureKris-Etherton PMNational Center for Research ResourcesNCRR NIH HHSNIDDK NIH HHSNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute2089-2100https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC7398773biostudies-literatureUnknown150(8)<h4>Background</h4>Factor VIIc, fibrinogen, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) are cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and are modulated, in part, by fat type and amount.<h4>Objective</h4>We evaluated fat type and amount on the primary outcomes: factor VIIc, fibrinogen, and PAI-1.<h4>Methods</h4>In the Dietary Effects on Lipoproteins and Thrombogenic Activity (DELTA) Trial, 2 controlled crossover feeding studies evaluated substituting carbohydrate or MUFAs for SFAs. Study 1: healthy participants (n = 103) were provided with (8 wk) an average American diet [AAD; designed to provide 37% of energy (%E) as fat, 16% SFA], a Step 1 diet (30%E fat, 9% SFA), and a diet low in SFA (Low-Sat; 26%E fat, 5% SFA). Study 2: participants (n = 85) at risk for CVD and metabolic syndrome (MeThe Journal of nutritionThe Type and Amount of Dietary Fat Affect Plasma Factor VIIc, Fibrinogen, and PAI-1 in Healthy Individuals and Individuals at High Cardiovascular Disease Risk: 2 Randomized Controlled Trials.PMC7398773MO1-RR00645496494964849659P30 DK072476M01 RR000645M01 RR000400496515-U01-HL49644MO1-RR00400Miles MLefevre MWilliams BStewart KElmer PJChampagne CMMartin LPearson TATracy RPBlackwell SBryan HSlavin JStewart PWSmiciklas-Wright HJacobs DBrock RRamakrishnan RRyan DHolleran SFChen NTDerr JYu SMastro AMGuinard JXReed RGinsberg HNCornell EFarhat-Wood AErshow AGMeaker KNgai CBodin DWold CProschan MSigman-Grant MStennett KTowolawai TYork DCooper ADStewart PBeecher GGinsberg HFoley MLeu SYGoodwin TChampagne CMustad VBerglund LChirgwin KPearson TErshow AMills EYoungblood MFolsom AFontenez NDavis CKris-Etherton PMGanga LHoleman RKennedy BMost MReddy CCDELTA InvestigatorsElmer PTracy RHolleran SJones JAbolafia JMyers MSiddiqui MBarkate MWehbie JRodriguez CTilley MAKarmally WRoheim PSHosking JSechevich PTulley RZien CVan Heel NWilliamson DFritz KMcGee BHolden JDennis BHJohnson CPhillips KUseche NJonnalagadda SStewart WBRifkind BDennis BAnderson NFoust EGordon DKris-Etherton PfalseThe Type and Amount of Dietary Fat Affect Plasma Factor VIIc, Fibrinogen, and PAI-1 in Healthy Individuals and Individuals at High Cardiovascular Disease Risk: 2 Randomized Controlled Trials.<h4>Background</h4>Factor VIIc, fibrinogen, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) are cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and are modulated, in part, by fat type and amount.<h4>Objective</h4>We evaluated fat type and amount on the primary outcomes: factor VIIc, fibrinogen, and PAI-1.<h4>Methods</h4>In the Dietary Effects on Lipoproteins and Thrombogenic Activity (DELTA) Trial, 2 controlled crossover feeding studies evaluated substituting carbohydrate or MUFAs for SFAs. Study 1: healthy participants (n = 103) were provided with (8 wk) an average American diet [AAD; designed to provide 37% of energy (%E) as fat, 16% SFA], a Step 1 diet (30%E fat, 9% SFA), and a diet low in SFA (Low-Sat; 26%E fat, 5% SFA). Study 2: participants (n = 85) at risk for CVD and metabolic syndrome (Me2020-01-01T00:00:00Z2020 Aug2026-04-22T03:23:30.006Z2022-02-11T01:29:45.047ZS-EPMC73987733249214810.1093/jn/nxaa137