biostudies-literatureUnknown9(7)Han BHBackground A low level of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular events. Recent studies have also suggested that HDL-C variability has a predictive role in patients with coronary artery disease. We investigated the combined effect of the mean and variability of HDL-C on the risk of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and mortality in the general population. Methods and Results We selected 5 433 098 subjects in the Korean National Health Insurance System cohort who had no history of MI or stroke and who underwent ≥3 health examinations between 2009 and 2013. Visit-to-visit HDL-C variability was calculated using the coefficient of variation, variability independent of the mean and average real variability. The low-mean and high-variabilityJournal of the American Heart Associatione015493https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC7428592biostudies-literatureImpact of Mean and Variability of High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol on the Risk of Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, and Mortality in the General Population.PMC7428592Han KHan BHLee SHKim MKYoon KHfalseImpact of Mean and Variability of High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol on the Risk of Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, and Mortality in the General Population.Background A low level of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular events. Recent studies have also suggested that HDL-C variability has a predictive role in patients with coronary artery disease. We investigated the combined effect of the mean and variability of HDL-C on the risk of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and mortality in the general population. Methods and Results We selected 5 433 098 subjects in the Korean National Health Insurance System cohort who had no history of MI or stroke and who underwent ≥3 health examinations between 2009 and 2013. Visit-to-visit HDL-C variability was calculated using the coefficient of variation, variability independent of the mean and average real variability. The low-mean and high-variability2020-01-01T00:00:00Z2020 Apr2025-04-18T14:54:55.966Z2025-04-07T01:17:45.927ZS-EPMC74285923224872710.1161/JAHA.119.015493