biostudies-literatureFukushi MTakahashi Industrial and Economic Research FoundationJapan Society for the Promotion of Science101462https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC7476070biostudies-literatureUnknown23(9)Nitrous oxide (N₂O) is a potent greenhouse gas and has significantly increased in the atmosphere. Deep-sea hydrothermal fields are representative environments dominated by mesophilic to thermophilic members of the class <i>Campylobacteria</i> that possess clade II <i>nosZ</i> encoding nitrous oxide reductase. Here, we report a strain HRV44^T representing the first thermophilic campylobacterium capable of growth by H₂ oxidation coupled to N₂O reduction. On the basis of physiological and genomic properties, it is proposed that strain HRV44^T (=JCM 34002 = DSM 111345) represents a novel species of the genus <i>Nitratiruptor</i>, <i>Nitratiruptor labii</i> sp. nov. The comparison of the N₂O consumption ability of strain HRV44<sup>iScienceBiogeochemical Implications of N₂O-Reducing Thermophilic <i>Campylobacteria</i> in Deep-Sea Vent Fields, and the Description of <i>Nitratiruptor labii</i> sp. nov.PMC747607015H0599117K15301Mino STanaka HTakai KNakagawa SSawabe TFukushi MfalseBiogeochemical Implications of N₂O-Reducing Thermophilic <i>Campylobacteria</i> in Deep-Sea Vent Fields, and the Description of <i>Nitratiruptor labii</i> sp. nov.Nitrous oxide (N₂O) is a potent greenhouse gas and has significantly increased in the atmosphere. Deep-sea hydrothermal fields are representative environments dominated by mesophilic to thermophilic members of the class <i>Campylobacteria</i> that possess clade II <i>nosZ</i> encoding nitrous oxide reductase. Here, we report a strain HRV44^T representing the first thermophilic campylobacterium capable of growth by H₂ oxidation coupled to N₂O reduction. On the basis of physiological and genomic properties, it is proposed that strain HRV44^T (=JCM 34002 = DSM 111345) represents a novel species of the genus <i>Nitratiruptor</i>, <i>Nitratiruptor labii</i> sp. nov. The comparison of the N₂O consumption ability of strain HRV44<sup>2020-01-01T00:00:00Z2020 Sep2026-04-30T08:05:14.988Z2020-09-14T07:13:40ZS-EPMC74760703286682810.1016/j.isci.2020.101462