biostudies-literatureUnknown8(1)Levin GAdvanced Ortho-Molecular ResearchLotte and John Hecht Memorial FoundationSouth Eastern Academic Medical Association<h4>Introduction</h4>Immunological dysfunction is common in critically ill patients but its clinical significance and the optimal method to measure it are unknown. The level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) after ex-vivo whole blood stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been proposed as a possible method to quantify immunological function. We hypothesized that in a cohort of critically ill patients, those with a lower post-stimulation TNF-α level would have increased rates of nosocomial infections (NIs) and worse clinical outcomes.<h4>Methods</h4>A secondary analysis of a phase 2 randomized, multi-centre, double-blinded placebo-controlled trial. As there was no difference between treatment and control arms in outcomes and NI rate, all the patients were analyzed as one cohort.Intensive care medicine experimental55https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC7494693biostudies-literatureThe relationship between immune status as measured by stimulated ex-vivo tumour necrosis factor alpha levels and the acquisition of nosocomial infections in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients.PMC7494693Muscedere JDay AHunt MO'Callaghan NBoyd JGLevin GSibley SMaslove DMNorman PfalseThe relationship between immune status as measured by stimulated ex-vivo tumour necrosis factor alpha levels and the acquisition of nosocomial infections in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients.<h4>Introduction</h4>Immunological dysfunction is common in critically ill patients but its clinical significance and the optimal method to measure it are unknown. The level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) after ex-vivo whole blood stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been proposed as a possible method to quantify immunological function. We hypothesized that in a cohort of critically ill patients, those with a lower post-stimulation TNF-α level would have increased rates of nosocomial infections (NIs) and worse clinical outcomes.<h4>Methods</h4>A secondary analysis of a phase 2 randomized, multi-centre, double-blinded placebo-controlled trial. As there was no difference between treatment and control arms in outcomes and NI rate, all the patients were analyzed as one cohort.2020-01-01T00:00:00Z2020 Sep2026-05-04T03:58:08.567Z2020-10-08T07:26:29ZS-EPMC74946933293637110.1186/s40635-020-00344-w