biostudies-literatureGu SSNCI NIH HHSNational Institutes of HealthNIH HHS263https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC7559192biostudies-literatureUnknown21(1)<h4>Background</h4>Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has improved patient survival in a variety of cancers, but only a minority of cancer patients respond. Multiple studies have sought to identify general biomarkers of ICB response, but elucidating the molecular and cellular drivers of resistance for individual tumors remains challenging. We sought to determine whether a tumor with defined genetic background exhibits a stereotypic or heterogeneous response to ICB treatment.<h4>Results</h4>We establish a unique mouse system that utilizes clonal tracing and mathematical modeling to monitor the growth of each cancer clone, as well as the bulk tumor, in response to ICB. We find that tumors derived from the same clonal populations showed heterogeneous ICB response and diverse response paGenome biologyClonal tracing reveals diverse patterns of response to immune checkpoint blockade.PMC7559192P50 CA206963P50 CA101942K99 CA248953U01 CA226196R01 CA234018Long HWang CHu XWang JLiu XSJiang PCejas PTang QWang XMeyer CXing XZeng ZGu SSKroger BZhang WTraugh NFreeman GJSahu ADLi ZBu XBrown MZhang YFu JLim KOuyang ZTokheim CfalseClonal tracing reveals diverse patterns of response to immune checkpoint blockade.<h4>Background</h4>Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has improved patient survival in a variety of cancers, but only a minority of cancer patients respond. Multiple studies have sought to identify general biomarkers of ICB response, but elucidating the molecular and cellular drivers of resistance for individual tumors remains challenging. We sought to determine whether a tumor with defined genetic background exhibits a stereotypic or heterogeneous response to ICB treatment.<h4>Results</h4>We establish a unique mouse system that utilizes clonal tracing and mathematical modeling to monitor the growth of each cancer clone, as well as the bulk tumor, in response to ICB. We find that tumors derived from the same clonal populations showed heterogeneous ICB response and diverse response pa2020-01-01T00:00:00Z2020 Oct2025-04-22T14:58:43.981Z2020-10-29T12:36:02ZS-EPMC75591923305973610.1186/s13059-020-02166-1