biostudies-literaturede Schrijver EMedical Research CouncilThe Joint Research Center of the EUThe European Union’s Horizon 2020 Project ExhaustionNatural Environment Research CouncilH2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions025003-25003https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC7614344biostudies-literatureUnknown1(2)Heat- and cold-related mortality risks are highly variable across different geographies, suggesting a differential distribution of vulnerability factors between and within countries, which could partly be driven by urban-to-rural disparities. Identifying these drivers of risk is crucial to characterize local vulnerability and design tailored public health interventions to improve adaptation of populations to climate change. We aimed to assess how heat- and cold-mortality risks change across urban, peri-urban and rural areas in Switzerland and to identify and compare the factors associated with increased vulnerability within and between different area typologies. We estimated the heat- and cold-related mortality association using the case time-series design and distributed lag non-linear moEnvironmental research, health : ERHExploring vulnerability to heat and cold across urban and rural populations in Switzerland.PMC7614344MR/R013820655JRC/SVQ/2020/MVP/1654801076, through the SSPH+ Global PhD Fellowship Programme in Public Health Sciences (GlobalP3HS) of the Swiss School of Public HealthNE/R009384/1MR/R013349/1Franco OHVicedo-Cabrera AMde Schrijver EGasparrini ARoye DfalseExploring vulnerability to heat and cold across urban and rural populations in Switzerland.Heat- and cold-related mortality risks are highly variable across different geographies, suggesting a differential distribution of vulnerability factors between and within countries, which could partly be driven by urban-to-rural disparities. Identifying these drivers of risk is crucial to characterize local vulnerability and design tailored public health interventions to improve adaptation of populations to climate change. We aimed to assess how heat- and cold-mortality risks change across urban, peri-urban and rural areas in Switzerland and to identify and compare the factors associated with increased vulnerability within and between different area typologies. We estimated the heat- and cold-related mortality association using the case time-series design and distributed lag non-linear mo2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Jun2025-04-04T02:25:04.709Z2025-04-04T02:25:04.709ZS-EPMC76143443696995210.1088/2752-5309/acab78