biostudies-literatureStratton CEWisconsin Department of Natural ResourcesU.S. Fish and Wildlife ServiceFlorida Fish and Wildlife Conservation CommissionWellcome Trust167-190https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC7616845biostudies-literatureUnknown128(1)The Microsporidia, an often overlooked fungal lineage, exhibit increasing diversity and taxonomic understanding with the use of genomic techniques. They are obligate parasites infecting a diversity of hosts, including crustaceans. Crustacea are, in essence, ancient insects and their relationship with the Microsporidia is both diverse and convoluted. Relationships between crayfish and their microsporidian parasites display geospatial and taxonomic diversity. Through classical (histological, ultrastructural, developmental) and genomic (phylogenetic, phylogenomic) approaches, we expand the known diversity of crayfish-infecting microsporidia into the genus <i>Nosema</i> by describing three novel species from North America: <i>Nosema astafloridana</i> n. sp. infecting <i>Procambarus pictus</i> Fungal diversityMicrosporidia and invertebrate hosts: genome-informed taxonomy surrounding a new lineage of crayfish-infecting <i>Nosema</i> spp. (Nosematida).PMC761684521158F21AP033558220540/Z/20/AAIRD11922AIRD11519Bolds SABojko JReisinger LSBehringer DCKhalaf AStratton CEfalseMicrosporidia and invertebrate hosts: genome-informed taxonomy surrounding a new lineage of crayfish-infecting <i>Nosema</i> spp. (Nosematida).The Microsporidia, an often overlooked fungal lineage, exhibit increasing diversity and taxonomic understanding with the use of genomic techniques. They are obligate parasites infecting a diversity of hosts, including crustaceans. Crustacea are, in essence, ancient insects and their relationship with the Microsporidia is both diverse and convoluted. Relationships between crayfish and their microsporidian parasites display geospatial and taxonomic diversity. Through classical (histological, ultrastructural, developmental) and genomic (phylogenetic, phylogenomic) approaches, we expand the known diversity of crayfish-infecting microsporidia into the genus <i>Nosema</i> by describing three novel species from North America: <i>Nosema astafloridana</i> n. sp. infecting <i>Procambarus pictus</i> 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Nov2026-06-01T13:37:19.355Z2025-04-21T21:46:22.323ZS-EPMC76168453958376010.1007/s13225-024-00543-w