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Using next-generation sequencing, PCR with reverse transcription, serology and in situ hybridization, we detected recent infection with AAV2 in plasma and liver samples in 26 out of 32 (81%) cases of hepatitis compared with 5 out of 74 (7%) of samples from unaffected individuals. Furthermore, AAV2 was detected w"],"journal":["Nature"],"pubmed_title":["Adeno-associated virus 2 infection in children with non-A-E hepatitis."],"pmcid":["PMC7617659"],"funding_grant_id":["MR/W005611/1","MC_UU_00034/5","MC_UU_00034/6","NIHR200224","MC_UU_00007/10","206369/Z/17/Z","223164/Z/21/Z","MC_PC_22004","NIHR201409","MC_PC_20029","MR/X010252/1","206369","R01 AI158861","MC_UU_12014/1","ACF-2018-18-022","MR/W030454/1","223164","MC_PC_19025","MC_PC_19059","HDRUK2021.0125","CO-CIN-01","MC_UU_12014/12"],"pubmed_authors":["Armstrong L","Leiner T","Ndure E","Voice M","Armstrong D","Schroepf S","Maclean A","Gardiner E","Little J","Pokhrel B","Romaine S","Vermont CL","Haas N","Fernandez SS","Rudzate A","Ceolotto A","Swingler R","Agyeman P","Madelane M","Gonzalez FA","Fletcher T","Berger C","Bohmova K","Shen CK","Kitanovski L","Limb J","McGill F","Abdulla A","van der Zee CCW","Fitchett E","White M","Zachariasse J","Harper R","Aebi C","Birt M","Schoen C","Turner D","Herder V","Seal 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A"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Adeno-associated virus 2 infection in children with non-A-E hepatitis.","description":"An outbreak of acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children was reported in Scotland<sup>1</sup> in April 2022 and has now been identified in 35 countries<sup>2</sup>. Several recent studies have suggested an association with human adenovirus with this outbreak, a virus not commonly associated with hepatitis. Here we report a detailed case-control investigation and find an association between adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2) infection and host genetics in disease susceptibility. Using next-generation sequencing, PCR with reverse transcription, serology and in situ hybridization, we detected recent infection with AAV2 in plasma and liver samples in 26 out of 32 (81%) cases of hepatitis compared with 5 out of 74 (7%) of samples from unaffected individuals. Furthermore, AAV2 was detected w","dates":{"release":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2023 May","modification":"2026-06-02T12:03:37.954Z","creation":"2026-04-18T03:11:20.133Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC7617659","cross_references":{"pubmed":["36996873"],"doi":["10.1038/s41586-023-05948-2"]}}