biostudies-literatureGordon ACRobert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center Pathology Core FacilityACG Medical Scientist Training ProgramInvestigator Initiated StudySIR Foundation Allied Scientist GrantDepartment of Radiology of the Feinberg School of MedicineNCI NIH HHSRSNA Foundation Research Scholar GrantNIHNorthwestern University Mouse Histology and Phenotyping Laboratory which is supported by NCINIGMS NIH HHS849-858https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC7719607biostudies-literatureUnknown28(6)<h4>Rationale and objectives</h4>To use a rapid gas-challenge blood oxygen-level dependent magnetic resonance imaging exam to evaluate changes in tumor hypoxia after ⁹⁰Y radioembolization (Y90) in the VX2 rabbit model.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>White New Zealand rabbits (n = 11) provided a Y90 group (n = 6 rabbits) and untreated control group (n = 5 rabbits). R2* maps were generated with gas-challenges (O₂/room air) at baseline, 1 week, and 2 weeks post-Y90. Laboratory toxicity was evaluated at baseline, 24 hours, 72 hours, 1 hours, and 2 weeks. Histology was used to evaluate tumor necrosis on hematoxylin and eosin and immunofluorescence imaging was used to assess microvessel density (CD31) and proliferative index (Ki67).<h4>Results</h4>At baseline, median tumor voAcademic radiologyYttrium-90 Radioembolization and Tumor Hypoxia: Gas-challenge BOLD Imaging in the VX2 Rabbit Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.PMC7719607CA126809T32 GM008152R01 CA126809P30 CA060553R25 CA1328225R25 CA 132822-03T32GM008152R01 CA209886P30-CA060553U54 CA199091R01 CA241532Lewandowski RJGates VLWhite SBOmary RALi WYang YSalem RProcissi DZhang ZHuang XHarris KRLarson ACLyu TGordon ACfalseYttrium-90 Radioembolization and Tumor Hypoxia: Gas-challenge BOLD Imaging in the VX2 Rabbit Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.<h4>Rationale and objectives</h4>To use a rapid gas-challenge blood oxygen-level dependent magnetic resonance imaging exam to evaluate changes in tumor hypoxia after ⁹⁰Y radioembolization (Y90) in the VX2 rabbit model.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>White New Zealand rabbits (n = 11) provided a Y90 group (n = 6 rabbits) and untreated control group (n = 5 rabbits). R2* maps were generated with gas-challenges (O₂/room air) at baseline, 1 week, and 2 weeks post-Y90. Laboratory toxicity was evaluated at baseline, 24 hours, 72 hours, 1 hours, and 2 weeks. Histology was used to evaluate tumor necrosis on hematoxylin and eosin and immunofluorescence imaging was used to assess microvessel density (CD31) and proliferative index (Ki67).<h4>Results</h4>At baseline, median tumor vo2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 Jun2025-04-21T21:24:30.999Z2025-04-05T18:22:16.121ZS-EPMC77196073252240310.1016/j.acra.2020.04.012