biostudies-literatureMo QEuropean Union’s Horizon 2020 projectNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Key Research and Development Program of ChinaYouth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciencese1009129https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC7746268biostudies-literatureUnknown16(12)Bunyavirus ribonucleoprotein (RNP) that is assembled by polymerized nucleoproteins (N) coating a viral RNA and associating with a viral polymerase can be both the RNA synthesis machinery and the structural core of virions. Bunyaviral N and RNP thus could be assailable targets for host antiviral defense; however, it remains unclear which and how host factors target N/RNP to restrict bunyaviral infection. By mass spectrometry and protein-interaction analyses, we here show that host protein MOV10 targets the N proteins encoded by a group of emerging high-pathogenic representatives of bunyaviruses including severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), one of the most dangerous pathogens listed by World Health Organization, in RNA-independent manner. MOV10 that was further shown tPLoS pathogensHost restriction of emerging high-pathogenic bunyaviruses via MOV10 by targeting viral nucleoprotein and blocking ribonucleoprotein assembly.PMC7746268318701622018YFA0507202653316Mo QWang HDeng FNing YJXu ZfalseHost restriction of emerging high-pathogenic bunyaviruses via MOV10 by targeting viral nucleoprotein and blocking ribonucleoprotein assembly.Bunyavirus ribonucleoprotein (RNP) that is assembled by polymerized nucleoproteins (N) coating a viral RNA and associating with a viral polymerase can be both the RNA synthesis machinery and the structural core of virions. Bunyaviral N and RNP thus could be assailable targets for host antiviral defense; however, it remains unclear which and how host factors target N/RNP to restrict bunyaviral infection. By mass spectrometry and protein-interaction analyses, we here show that host protein MOV10 targets the N proteins encoded by a group of emerging high-pathogenic representatives of bunyaviruses including severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), one of the most dangerous pathogens listed by World Health Organization, in RNA-independent manner. MOV10 that was further shown t2020-01-01T00:00:00Z2020 Dec2026-04-29T21:30:36.444Z2021-02-20T17:33:55ZS-EPMC77462683328483510.1371/journal.ppat.1009129