biostudies-literatureMohamed HDrexel University Office of Global Engagement and Education AbroadDrexel University College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology & Immunology and Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious DiseaseGerman Federal Ministry of Education and Researche0247125https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC7920340biostudies-literatureUnknown16(3)Effective control of infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the causative agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), requires continuous and life-long use of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) by people living with HIV-1 (PLWH). In the absence of ART, HIV-1 reemergence from latently infected cells is ineffectively suppressed due to suboptimal innate and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. However, ART-free control of HIV-1 infection may be possible if the inherent immunological deficiencies can be reversed or restored. Herein we present a novel approach for modulating the immune response to HIV-1 that involves the use of non-thermal plasma (NTP), which is an ionized gas containing various reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). J-Lat cells were used as a modelPloS oneNon-thermal plasma modulates cellular markers associated with immunogenicity in a model of latent HIV-1 infection.PMC792034003Z22DN1103Z22DN1203Z22Di1Freund EConnors JDampier WBekeschus SHaddad EKWigdahl BClemen RLackmann JWWende KMiller VMohamed HKrebs FCfalseNon-thermal plasma modulates cellular markers associated with immunogenicity in a model of latent HIV-1 infection.Effective control of infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the causative agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), requires continuous and life-long use of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) by people living with HIV-1 (PLWH). In the absence of ART, HIV-1 reemergence from latently infected cells is ineffectively suppressed due to suboptimal innate and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. However, ART-free control of HIV-1 infection may be possible if the inherent immunological deficiencies can be reversed or restored. Herein we present a novel approach for modulating the immune response to HIV-1 that involves the use of non-thermal plasma (NTP), which is an ionized gas containing various reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). J-Lat cells were used as a model2021-01-01T00:00:00Z20212026-05-09T01:15:27.083Z2021-03-13T08:21:23ZS-EPMC79203403364702810.1371/journal.pone.0247125