biostudies-literatureLemos DHHS | National Institutes of HealthGoverno BrasilNCATS NIH HHSACL HHSNIAID NIH HHSNHLBI NIH HHSHHS | Centers for Disease Control and PreventionNIH HHSNCEZID CDC HHSe01605-20https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC7925200biostudies-literatureUnknown94(24)Although fetal death is now understood to be a severe outcome of congenital Zika syndrome, the role of viral genetics is still unclear. We sequenced Zika virus (ZIKV) from a rhesus macaque fetus that died after inoculation and identified a single intrahost substitution, M1404I, in the ZIKV polyprotein, located in nonstructural protein 2B (NS2B). Targeted sequencing flanking position 1404 in 9 additional macaque mothers and their fetuses identified M1404I at a subconsensus frequency in the majority (5 of 9, 56%) of animals and some of their fetuses. Despite its repeated presence in pregnant macaques, M1404I has occurred rarely in humans since 2015. Since the primary ZIKV transmission cycle is human-mosquito-human, mutations in one host must be retained in the alternate host to be perpetuateJournal of virologyTwo Sides of a Coin: a Zika Virus Mutation Selected in Pregnant Rhesus Macaques Promotes Fetal Infection in Mice but at a Cost of Reduced Fitness in Nonpregnant Macaques and Diminished Transmissibility by Vectors.PMC79252001R01HL105704U01 CK0005161U01CK000516UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine Graduate Student Support ProgramUL1 TR001863Science without BordersR21 AI1294791R33AI1290771R21AI129479-SP51OD011107R01 HL105704Division of Intramural Research ProgramR43 AI129077U01CK000516UC DavisP51 OD011107Louie WSaraf SPletnev AGBorucki MSingapuri ATsetsarkin KAVan Rompay KKAUsachenko JKeesler RIGrubaugh NDAndersen KGChiu CYSanchez-San Martin CMartyn CWatanabe JLi TAllen JThissen JStuart JBLemos DCoffey LLRamirez ALOliveira GfalseTwo Sides of a Coin: a Zika Virus Mutation Selected in Pregnant Rhesus Macaques Promotes Fetal Infection in Mice but at a Cost of Reduced Fitness in Nonpregnant Macaques and Diminished Transmissibility by Vectors.Although fetal death is now understood to be a severe outcome of congenital Zika syndrome, the role of viral genetics is still unclear. We sequenced Zika virus (ZIKV) from a rhesus macaque fetus that died after inoculation and identified a single intrahost substitution, M1404I, in the ZIKV polyprotein, located in nonstructural protein 2B (NS2B). Targeted sequencing flanking position 1404 in 9 additional macaque mothers and their fetuses identified M1404I at a subconsensus frequency in the majority (5 of 9, 56%) of animals and some of their fetuses. Despite its repeated presence in pregnant macaques, M1404I has occurred rarely in humans since 2015. Since the primary ZIKV transmission cycle is human-mosquito-human, mutations in one host must be retained in the alternate host to be perpetuate2020-01-01T00:00:00Z2020 Nov2026-05-03T08:42:02.614Z2021-03-13T08:17:01ZS-EPMC79252003299903410.1128/JVI.01605-20