biostudies-literatureLin TYMinistry of Science and Technology, TaiwanTaipei Tzu Chi Hospital20https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC7930281biostudies-literatureUnknown7(1)Little is known about the relationship between gut dysbiosis, inflammation, and adverse outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease. We examined the association of microbial diversity with all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients. The gut microbiota was assessed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. During a median follow-up of 2.1 years, the adjusted risk of death among patients with higher diversity (above median) was 74% lower than that among patients with lower diversity (below median). We then compared the microbial composition between nonsurvivors and survivors in a matched case-control study. We observed significantly lower microbial diversity and higher proinflammatory cytokines among nonsurvivors than survivors. Specifically, the relative abundance of Succinivibrio and AnNPJ biofilms and microbiomesGut dysbiosis and mortality in hemodialysis patients.PMC7930281MOST 108-2314-B-303-004-MY3MOST 105-2314-B-303-014-MY3MOST 108-2314-B-303-002-MY3TCAS-108-02MOST 107-2314-B-303-021Lin YTWu PHLin TYHung SCfalseGut dysbiosis and mortality in hemodialysis patients.Little is known about the relationship between gut dysbiosis, inflammation, and adverse outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease. We examined the association of microbial diversity with all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients. The gut microbiota was assessed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. During a median follow-up of 2.1 years, the adjusted risk of death among patients with higher diversity (above median) was 74% lower than that among patients with lower diversity (below median). We then compared the microbial composition between nonsurvivors and survivors in a matched case-control study. We observed significantly lower microbial diversity and higher proinflammatory cytokines among nonsurvivors than survivors. Specifically, the relative abundance of Succinivibrio and An2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 Mar2025-04-22T08:20:45.232Z2025-04-05T22:30:16.556ZS-EPMC79302813365851410.1038/s41522-021-00191-x