biostudies-literatureUnknown35(3)Kuendgen AIn the current World Health Organization (WHO)-classification, therapy-related myelodysplastic syndromes (t-MDS) are categorized together with therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and t-myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms into one subgroup independent of morphologic or prognostic features. Analyzing data of 2087 t-MDS patients from different international MDS groups to evaluate classification and prognostication tools we found that applying the WHO classification for p-MDS successfully predicts time to transformation and survival (both p < 0.001). The results regarding carefully reviewed cytogenetic data, classifications, and prognostic scores confirmed that t-MDS are similarly heterogeneous as p-MDS and therefore deserve the same careful differentiation regarding risk. AsLeukemia835-849https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC7932916biostudies-literatureTherapy-related myelodysplastic syndromes deserve specific diagnostic sub-classification and risk-stratification-an approach to classification of patients with t-MDS.PMC7932916Tuechler HPfeilstocker MSill HHildebrandt BXicoy BPedro CBaldus CDHaase DKuendgen ACosta DEsteve JGarcia-Manero GValent PLubbert MDeZern AEHaas RCobo FCazzola MOiartzabal IDiez-Campelo MSole FKomrokji RSGanster CGerming UCalvo XRoboz GJSchroeder TGiagounidis ASanz GNomdedeu BLopez-Pavia MNomdedeu MCedena MTVan de Loosdrecht AAMachherndl-Spandl SSchlenk RFDohner HStauder RPlatzbecker UPereira AMerchan BGreenberg PLDella Porta MGSteensma DPSekeres MAList AGrau JMartinez-de-Sola MVoso MTBlum SfalseTherapy-related myelodysplastic syndromes deserve specific diagnostic sub-classification and risk-stratification-an approach to classification of patients with t-MDS.In the current World Health Organization (WHO)-classification, therapy-related myelodysplastic syndromes (t-MDS) are categorized together with therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and t-myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms into one subgroup independent of morphologic or prognostic features. Analyzing data of 2087 t-MDS patients from different international MDS groups to evaluate classification and prognostication tools we found that applying the WHO classification for p-MDS successfully predicts time to transformation and survival (both p < 0.001). The results regarding carefully reviewed cytogenetic data, classifications, and prognostic scores confirmed that t-MDS are similarly heterogeneous as p-MDS and therefore deserve the same careful differentiation regarding risk. As2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 Mar2025-04-20T02:30:01.018Z2025-04-20T02:30:01.018ZS-EPMC79329163259521410.1038/s41375-020-0917-7