biostudies-literaturePatten PEMMedical Research CouncilBlood Cancer UK627020https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC7985329biostudies-literatureUnknown12Patient-derived xenograft models of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) can be created using highly immunodeficient animals, allowing analysis of primary tumor cells in an <i>in vivo</i> setting. However, unlike many other tumors, CLL B lymphocytes do not reproducibly grow in xenografts without manipulation, proliferating only when there is concomitant expansion of T cells. Here we show that <i>in vitro</i> pre-activation of CLL-derived T lymphocytes allows for a reliable and robust system for primary CLL cell growth within a fully autologous system that uses small numbers of cells and does not require pre-conditioning. In this system, growth of normal T and leukemic B cells follows four distinct temporal phases, each with characteristic blood and tissue findings. Phase 1 constitutes a periFrontiers in immunologyA Detailed Analysis of Parameters Supporting the Engraftment and Growth of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells in Immune-Deficient Mice.PMC7985329MR/T005106/10901111039Patten PEMKolitz JEFerrer GAllen SLIoannou NBarrientos JCChen SSRai KRRamsay AGChiorazzi NfalseA Detailed Analysis of Parameters Supporting the Engraftment and Growth of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells in Immune-Deficient Mice.Patient-derived xenograft models of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) can be created using highly immunodeficient animals, allowing analysis of primary tumor cells in an <i>in vivo</i> setting. However, unlike many other tumors, CLL B lymphocytes do not reproducibly grow in xenografts without manipulation, proliferating only when there is concomitant expansion of T cells. Here we show that <i>in vitro</i> pre-activation of CLL-derived T lymphocytes allows for a reliable and robust system for primary CLL cell growth within a fully autologous system that uses small numbers of cells and does not require pre-conditioning. In this system, growth of normal T and leukemic B cells follows four distinct temporal phases, each with characteristic blood and tissue findings. Phase 1 constitutes a peri2021-01-01T00:00:00Z20212025-04-21T18:04:13.717Z2024-11-09T10:48:17.859ZS-EPMC79853293376769810.3389/fimmu.2021.627020