biostudies-literatureTanes CChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaNCATS NIH HHSNIDDK NIH HHSNIDA NIH HHSNHLBI NIH HHSCrohn's and Colitis FoundationCrohn's & Colitis FoundationNational Institutes of HealthPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania394-407.e5https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8022197biostudies-literatureUnknown29(3)Gut microbiota metabolites may be important for host health, yet few studies investigate the correlation between human gut microbiome and production of fecal metabolites and their impact on the plasma metabolome. Since gut microbiota metabolites are influenced by diet, we performed a longitudinal analysis of the impact of three divergent diets, vegan, omnivore, and a synthetic enteral nutrition (EEN) diet lacking fiber, on the human gut microbiome and its metabolome, including after a microbiota depletion intervention. Omnivore and vegan, but not EEN, diets altered fecal amino acid levels by supporting the growth of Firmicutes capable of amino acid metabolism. This correlated with relative abundance of a sizable number of fecal amino acid metabolites, some not previously associated with thCell host & microbeRole of dietary fiber in the recovery of the human gut microbiome and its metabolome.PMC8022197815986UL1 TR000003P30 DK050306P30 DK040561P01 HL147823P30 DK043351UG3 DA050306Fischbach MAWu GDLi HBushman FDBraun JXavier RJLewis JDClish CBPanfen EBittinger KFriedman ESPaladhi URGao YNessel LChau LTanes CfalseRole of dietary fiber in the recovery of the human gut microbiome and its metabolome.Gut microbiota metabolites may be important for host health, yet few studies investigate the correlation between human gut microbiome and production of fecal metabolites and their impact on the plasma metabolome. Since gut microbiota metabolites are influenced by diet, we performed a longitudinal analysis of the impact of three divergent diets, vegan, omnivore, and a synthetic enteral nutrition (EEN) diet lacking fiber, on the human gut microbiome and its metabolome, including after a microbiota depletion intervention. Omnivore and vegan, but not EEN, diets altered fecal amino acid levels by supporting the growth of Firmicutes capable of amino acid metabolism. This correlated with relative abundance of a sizable number of fecal amino acid metabolites, some not previously associated with th2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 Mar2026-05-30T23:54:30.518Z2025-04-06T01:55:19.868ZS-EPMC80221973344017110.1016/j.chom.2020.12.012