biostudies-literatureLopez Angel CJHHS | National Institutes of Healthe2022928118https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8040665biostudies-literatureUnknown118(14)Chronic inflammation is thought to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in aging, but whether similar mechanisms underlie dysfunction in infection-associated chronic inflammation is unclear. Here, we profiled the immune proteome, and cellular composition and signaling states in a cohort of aging individuals versus a set of HIV patients on long-term antiretroviral therapy therapy or hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients before and after sofosbuvir treatment. We found shared alterations in aging-associated and infection-associated chronic inflammation including T cell memory inflation, up-regulation of intracellular signaling pathways of inflammation, and diminished sensitivity to cytokines in lymphocytes and myeloid cells. In the HIV cohort, these dysregulations were evident despite viralProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of AmericaSignatures of immune dysfunction in HIV and HCV infection share features with chronic inflammation in aging and persist after viral reduction or elimination.PMC8040665U19 AI057229Rosenberg-Hasson YLopez Angel CJDekker CLGrant PMNguyen TGlenn JSVallania FKhatri PPham EAFram BJMaecker HTDu HDavis MMAhmed AFurman DPerez KfalseSignatures of immune dysfunction in HIV and HCV infection share features with chronic inflammation in aging and persist after viral reduction or elimination.Chronic inflammation is thought to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in aging, but whether similar mechanisms underlie dysfunction in infection-associated chronic inflammation is unclear. Here, we profiled the immune proteome, and cellular composition and signaling states in a cohort of aging individuals versus a set of HIV patients on long-term antiretroviral therapy therapy or hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients before and after sofosbuvir treatment. We found shared alterations in aging-associated and infection-associated chronic inflammation including T cell memory inflation, up-regulation of intracellular signaling pathways of inflammation, and diminished sensitivity to cytokines in lymphocytes and myeloid cells. In the HIV cohort, these dysregulations were evident despite viral2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 Apr2025-04-26T08:17:16.367Z2022-02-09T15:32:53.425ZS-EPMC80406653381114110.1073/pnas.2022928118