biostudies-literatureUnknown6(12)Jing ZMinistry of Science and Technology of the People&apos;s Republic of ChinaSurgical resection and perioperative adjuvant chemotherapy-based therapies have improved the prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma; however, intraoperative bone defects, local tumour recurrence, and chemotherapy-induced adverse effects still affect the quality of life of patients. Emerging 3D-printed titanium alloy (Ti₆Al₄V) implants have advantages over traditional implants in bone repair, including lower elastic modulus, lower stiffness, better bone conduction, more bone in-growth, stronger mechanical interlocking, and lager drug-loading capacity by their inherent porous structure. Here, cisplatin, a clinical first-line anti-osteosarcoma drug, was loaded into Ti₆Al₄V implants, within a PLGA-PEG-PLGA thermo-sensitive hydrogel, to construct bone substitutes with both anti-osteosarcoma and bone-repair functions. The optimal concentrations of cisplatin (0.8 and 1.6 mg/mL) were first determined <i>in vitro</i>. Thereafter, the anti-tumour effect and biosafety of the cisplatin/hydrogel-loaded implants, as well as their bone-repair potential were evaluated <i>in vivo</i> in tumour-bearing mouse, and bone defect rabbit models, respectively. The loading of cisplatin reduced tumour volume by more than two-thirds (from 641.1 to 201.4 mm³) with negligible organ damage, achieving better anti-tumour effects while avoiding the adverse effects of systemic cisplatin delivery. Although bone repair was hindered by cisplatin loading at 4 weeks, no difference was observed at 8 weeks in the context of implants with versus without cisplatin, indicating acceptable long-term stability of all implants (with 8.48%-10.04% bone in-growth and 16.94%-20.53% osseointegration). Overall, cisplatin/hydrogel-loaded 3D-printed Ti₆Al₄V implants are safe and effective for treating osteosarcoma-caused bone defects, and should be considered for clinical use.Bioactive materials4542-4557https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8138733biostudies-literaturePractical strategy to construct anti-osteosarcoma bone substitutes by loading cisplatin into 3D-printed titanium alloy implants using a thermosensitive hydrogel.PMC8138733Zheng YLiu ZJing ZZhang TWei QNi RLin XWang JCai HFan DfalsePractical strategy to construct anti-osteosarcoma bone substitutes by loading cisplatin into 3D-printed titanium alloy implants using a thermosensitive hydrogel.Surgical resection and perioperative adjuvant chemotherapy-based therapies have improved the prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma; however, intraoperative bone defects, local tumour recurrence, and chemotherapy-induced adverse effects still affect the quality of life of patients. Emerging 3D-printed titanium alloy (Ti₆Al₄V) implants have advantages over traditional implants in bone repair, including lower elastic modulus, lower stiffness, better bone conduction, more bone in-growth, stronger mechanical interlocking, and lager drug-loading capacity by their inherent porous structure. Here, cisplatin, a clinical first-line anti-osteosarcoma drug, was loaded into Ti₆Al₄V implants, within a PLGA-PEG-PLGA thermo-sensitive hydrogel, to construct bone substitutes with both anti-osteosarcoma and bone-repair functions. The optimal concentrations of cisplatin (0.8 and 1.6 mg/mL) were first determined <i>in vitro</i>. Thereafter, the anti-tumour effect and biosafety of the cisplatin/hydrogel-loaded implants, as well as their bone-repair potential were evaluated <i>in vivo</i> in tumour-bearing mouse, and bone defect rabbit models, respectively. The loading of cisplatin reduced tumour volume by more than two-thirds (from 641.1 to 201.4 mm³) with negligible organ damage, achieving better anti-tumour effects while avoiding the adverse effects of systemic cisplatin delivery. Although bone repair was hindered by cisplatin loading at 4 weeks, no difference was observed at 8 weeks in the context of implants with versus without cisplatin, indicating acceptable long-term stability of all implants (with 8.48%-10.04% bone in-growth and 16.94%-20.53% osseointegration). Overall, cisplatin/hydrogel-loaded 3D-printed Ti₆Al₄V implants are safe and effective for treating osteosarcoma-caused bone defects, and should be considered for clinical use.2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 Dec2024-11-21T00:48:19.683Z2022-02-10T11:39:48.915ZS-EPMC81387333402723910.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.05.007