biostudies-literatureLodde GDFG, German Research Foundation2319https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8151445biostudies-literatureUnknown13(10)Adjuvant treatment of melanoma patients with immune-checkpoint inhibition (ICI) and targeted therapy (TT) significantly improved recurrence-free survival. This study investigates the real-world situation of 904 patients from 13 German skin cancer centers with an indication for adjuvant treatment since the approval of adjuvant ICI and TT. From adjusted log-binomial regression models, we estimated relative risks for associations between various influence factors and treatment decisions (adjuvant therapy yes/no, TT vs. ICI in <i>BRAF</i> mutant patients). Of these patients, 76.9% (95% CI 74-80) opted for a systemic adjuvant treatment. The probability of starting an adjuvant treatment was 26% lower in patients >65 years (RR 0.74, 95% CI 68-80). The most common reasons against adjuvant treatmenCancersFactors Influencing the Adjuvant Therapy Decision: Results of a Real-World Multicenter Data Analysis of 904 Melanoma Patients.PMC8151445RTG 2535Roesch AGlutsch VSchadendorf DErdmann MWulfken LMReinhardt LForschner ALoquai CMohr PZimmer LMeier FKowall BHassel JLivingstone EKahler KEckardt JHuning SUgurel SNikfarjam UGutzmer RSchilling BSchatton KLodde GBerking CStang AGebhardt CfalseFactors Influencing the Adjuvant Therapy Decision: Results of a Real-World Multicenter Data Analysis of 904 Melanoma Patients.Adjuvant treatment of melanoma patients with immune-checkpoint inhibition (ICI) and targeted therapy (TT) significantly improved recurrence-free survival. This study investigates the real-world situation of 904 patients from 13 German skin cancer centers with an indication for adjuvant treatment since the approval of adjuvant ICI and TT. From adjusted log-binomial regression models, we estimated relative risks for associations between various influence factors and treatment decisions (adjuvant therapy yes/no, TT vs. ICI in <i>BRAF</i> mutant patients). Of these patients, 76.9% (95% CI 74-80) opted for a systemic adjuvant treatment. The probability of starting an adjuvant treatment was 26% lower in patients >65 years (RR 0.74, 95% CI 68-80). The most common reasons against adjuvant treatmen2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 May2026-07-09T11:32:01.568Z2026-07-09T10:50:41.129ZS-EPMC81514453406599510.3390/cancers13102319