biostudies-literatureShi Hnational basic research program of chinaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Key Research and Development Program of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Livestock Diseases Open Foundatione1009767https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8354476biostudies-literatureUnknown17(7)Hypobiosis (facultative developmental arrest) is the most important life-cycle adaptation ensuring survival of parasitic nematodes under adverse conditions. Little is known about such survival mechanisms, although ascarosides (ascarylose with fatty acid-derived side chains) have been reported to mediate the formation of dauer larvae in the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we investigated the role of a key gene acox-1, in the larval development of Haemonchus contortus, one of the most important parasitic nematodes that employ hypobiosis as a routine survival mechanism. In this parasite, acox-1 encodes three proteins (ACOXs) that all show a fatty acid oxidation activity in vitro and in vivo, and interact with a peroxin PEX-5 in peroxisomes. In particular, a peroxisomal targPLoS pathogensAcyl-CoA oxidase ACOX-1 interacts with a peroxin PEX-5 to play roles in larval development of Haemonchus contortus.PMC83544762017YFD0501200SKLVEB2016KFKT01832002304316020412015CB150300Du AYang YHuang XYao CChen XWang ZWu FShi HZhou JMa GfalseAcyl-CoA oxidase ACOX-1 interacts with a peroxin PEX-5 to play roles in larval development of Haemonchus contortus.Hypobiosis (facultative developmental arrest) is the most important life-cycle adaptation ensuring survival of parasitic nematodes under adverse conditions. Little is known about such survival mechanisms, although ascarosides (ascarylose with fatty acid-derived side chains) have been reported to mediate the formation of dauer larvae in the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we investigated the role of a key gene acox-1, in the larval development of Haemonchus contortus, one of the most important parasitic nematodes that employ hypobiosis as a routine survival mechanism. In this parasite, acox-1 encodes three proteins (ACOXs) that all show a fatty acid oxidation activity in vitro and in vivo, and interact with a peroxin PEX-5 in peroxisomes. In particular, a peroxisomal targ2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 Jul2026-05-08T00:49:09.583Z2022-02-11T06:12:43.387ZS-EPMC83544763427061710.1371/journal.ppat.1009767