biostudies-literatureUnknown24(8)Augusto LA<i>Enterobacter cloacae</i> complex species are involved in infections among critically ill patients. After a recent <i>E.cloacae</i> outbreak of fulminant neonatal septic shock, we conducted a study to determine whether septic shock severity and its lethal consequence are related to structural features of the endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) of the strains isolated from hospitalized infants and more specifically its lipid A region. It appeared that the LPSs are very heterogeneous, carrying fifteen different molecular species of lipid A. The virulence was correlated with a structural feature identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry: the presence of 2-hydroxymyristic acid as a secondaiScience102916https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8361193biostudies-literaturePresence of 2-hydroxymyristate on endotoxins is associated with death in neonates with <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i> complex septic shock.PMC8361193De Luca DAlonso EHTissieres PDoucet-Populaire FAugusto LASemaan NBreton AChaby RGera SBarreault SFaraut-Derouin VBourgeois-Nicolaos NfalsePresence of 2-hydroxymyristate on endotoxins is associated with death in neonates with <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i> complex septic shock.<i>Enterobacter cloacae</i> complex species are involved in infections among critically ill patients. After a recent <i>E.cloacae</i> outbreak of fulminant neonatal septic shock, we conducted a study to determine whether septic shock severity and its lethal consequence are related to structural features of the endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) of the strains isolated from hospitalized infants and more specifically its lipid A region. It appeared that the LPSs are very heterogeneous, carrying fifteen different molecular species of lipid A. The virulence was correlated with a structural feature identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry: the presence of 2-hydroxymyristic acid as a seconda2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 Aug2026-05-09T00:05:09.638Z2022-02-11T08:58:00.75ZS-EPMC83611933440927410.1016/j.isci.2021.102916