biostudies-literatureUnknown12Jarocki VMAustralian Research CouncilEnterotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (ETEC) is the primary aetiologic agent of traveller's diarrhoea and a significant cause of diarrhoeal disease and death in developing countries. ETEC O169:H41 strains are known to cause both traveller's diarrhoea and foodborne outbreaks in developed countries and are cause for concern. Here, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was used to assemble 46 O169:H41 (ST182) <i>E. coli</i> draft genomes derived from two airplane waste samples sourced from a German international airport. The ST182 genomes were compared with all 84 publicly available, geographically diverse ST182 genomes to construct a core genome-based phylogenetic tree. ST182 isolates were all phylogroup E, the majority serotype O169:H41 (<i>n</i> = 121, 93%) and formed five major clades. The airplane waste isolates differed by an average of 15 core SNPs (range 0-45) but their accessory genome content was diverse. While uncommon in other ST182 genomes, all airplane-derived ST182 isolates carried: (i) extended-spectrum β-lactamase gene <i>bla</i> _CTX-M- ₁₅ notably lacking the typical adjacent IS<i>Ecp1</i>; (ii) <i>qnrS1</i> and the S83L mutation in <i>gyrA</i>, both conferring resistance to fluoroquinolones; and (iii) a class 1 integron structure (IS<i>26</i>-<i>intI1</i> _Δ ₆₄₈-<i>dfrA17</i>-<i>aadA5</i>-<i>qacE</i>Δ<i>1</i>-<i>sul1</i>-ORF-<i>srpC</i>-<i>padR</i>-IS<i>6100</i>-<i>mphR</i>-<i>mrx</i>-<i>mphA</i>-IS<i>26</i>) identified previously in major extraintestinal pathogenic <i>E. coli</i> STs but not in ETEC. ST182 isolates carried ETEC-specific virulence factors STp + CS6. Adhesin/invasin <i>tia</i> was identified in 89% of aircraft ST182 isolates (vs 23%) and was located on a putative genomic island within a hotspot region for various insertions including PAI I₅₃₆ and plasmid-associated transposons. The most common plasmid replicons in this collection were IncFII (100%; F2:A-:B-) and IncB/O/K/Z (89%). Our data suggest that potentially through travel, <i>E. coli</i> ST182 are evolving a multidrug-resistant profile through the acquisition of class 1 integrons and different plasmids.Frontiers in microbiology731050https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8454413biostudies-literatureMultidrug-Resistant Lineage of Enterotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> ST182 With Serotype O169:H41 in Airline Waste.PMC8454413Heß SBerendonk TUAnantanawat KDjordjevic SPJarocki VMfalseMultidrug-Resistant Lineage of Enterotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> ST182 With Serotype O169:H41 in Airline Waste.Enterotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (ETEC) is the primary aetiologic agent of traveller's diarrhoea and a significant cause of diarrhoeal disease and death in developing countries. ETEC O169:H41 strains are known to cause both traveller's diarrhoea and foodborne outbreaks in developed countries and are cause for concern. Here, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was used to assemble 46 O169:H41 (ST182) <i>E. coli</i> draft genomes derived from two airplane waste samples sourced from a German international airport. The ST182 genomes were compared with all 84 publicly available, geographically diverse ST182 genomes to construct a core genome-based phylogenetic tree. ST182 isolates were all phylogroup E, the majority serotype O169:H41 (<i>n</i> = 121, 93%) and formed five major clades. The airplane waste isolates differed by an average of 15 core SNPs (range 0-45) but their accessory genome content was diverse. While uncommon in other ST182 genomes, all airplane-derived ST182 isolates carried: (i) extended-spectrum β-lactamase gene <i>bla</i> _CTX-M- ₁₅ notably lacking the typical adjacent IS<i>Ecp1</i>; (ii) <i>qnrS1</i> and the S83L mutation in <i>gyrA</i>, both conferring resistance to fluoroquinolones; and (iii) a class 1 integron structure (IS<i>26</i>-<i>intI1</i> _Δ ₆₄₈-<i>dfrA17</i>-<i>aadA5</i>-<i>qacE</i>Δ<i>1</i>-<i>sul1</i>-ORF-<i>srpC</i>-<i>padR</i>-IS<i>6100</i>-<i>mphR</i>-<i>mrx</i>-<i>mphA</i>-IS<i>26</i>) identified previously in major extraintestinal pathogenic <i>E. coli</i> STs but not in ETEC. ST182 isolates carried ETEC-specific virulence factors STp + CS6. Adhesin/invasin <i>tia</i> was identified in 89% of aircraft ST182 isolates (vs 23%) and was located on a putative genomic island within a hotspot region for various insertions including PAI I₅₃₆ and plasmid-associated transposons. The most common plasmid replicons in this collection were IncFII (100%; F2:A-:B-) and IncB/O/K/Z (89%). Our data suggest that potentially through travel, <i>E. coli</i> ST182 are evolving a multidrug-resistant profile through the acquisition of class 1 integrons and different plasmids.2021-01-01T00:00:00Z20212024-11-06T05:19:00.432Z2022-02-11T11:19:13.01ZS-EPMC84544133455717510.3389/fmicb.2021.731050