biostudies-literatureValim CNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesJoint Global Health TrialsNIAID NIH HHSNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Bill and Melinda Gates Foundatione046590https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8487183biostudies-literatureUnknown11(9)<h4>Introduction</h4>Clinically diagnosed pneumonia in children is a leading cause of paediatric hospitalisation and mortality. The aetiology is usually bacterial or viral, but malaria can cause a syndrome indistinguishable from clinical pneumonia. There is no method with high sensitivity to detect a bacterial infection in these patients and, as result, antibiotics are frequently overprescribed. Conversely, unrecognised concomitant bacterial infection in patients with malarial infections occur with omission of antibiotic therapy from patients with bacterial infections. Previously, we identified two combinations of blood proteins with 96% sensitivity and 86% specificity for detecting bacterial disease. The current project aimed to validate and improve these combinations by evaluating additiBMJ openSeeking diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for childhood bacterial pneumonia in sub-Saharan Africa: study protocol for an observational study.PMC8487183MC_EX_MR_R006121_1BMGF OPP1138798MR_R006121R21AI140258R21 AI140258Golam SDiaz AARamirez JMackenzie GAValim CSalaudeen RBassat QD'Alessandro UWiegand RCIsa YSde Jager WKnol EFJammeh AOlatunji YAMoses MAKanyi SHibberd PLfalseSeeking diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for childhood bacterial pneumonia in sub-Saharan Africa: study protocol for an observational study.<h4>Introduction</h4>Clinically diagnosed pneumonia in children is a leading cause of paediatric hospitalisation and mortality. The aetiology is usually bacterial or viral, but malaria can cause a syndrome indistinguishable from clinical pneumonia. There is no method with high sensitivity to detect a bacterial infection in these patients and, as result, antibiotics are frequently overprescribed. Conversely, unrecognised concomitant bacterial infection in patients with malarial infections occur with omission of antibiotic therapy from patients with bacterial infections. Previously, we identified two combinations of blood proteins with 96% sensitivity and 86% specificity for detecting bacterial disease. The current project aimed to validate and improve these combinations by evaluating additi2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 Sep2025-04-18T17:09:33.183Z2022-02-11T12:06:08.397ZS-EPMC84871833459348610.1136/bmjopen-2020-046590