biostudies-literatureUnknown11Shiba TJapan Society for the Promotion of ScienceAncient dental calculus, formed from dental plaque, is a rich source of ancient DNA and can provide information regarding the food and oral microbiology at that time. Genomic analysis of dental calculus from Neanderthals has revealed the difference in bacterial composition of oral microbiome between Neanderthals and modern humans. There are few reports investigating whether the pathogenic bacteria of periodontitis, a polymicrobial disease induced in response to the accumulation of dental plaque, were different between ancient and modern humans. This study aimed to compare the bacterial composition of the oral microbiome in ancient and modern human samples and to investigate whether lifestyle differences depending on the era have altered the bacterial composition of the oral microbiome and Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology723821https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8488429biostudies-literatureComparison of Periodontal Bacteria of Edo and Modern Periods Using Novel Diagnostic Approach for Periodontitis With Micro-CT.PMC8488429Sudo TWatanabe TSaso AUeda STakeuchi YNemoto TKobayashi HSawafuji RIwata TShiba TNagai TOhsugi YKatagiri SKano CKomatsu KfalseComparison of Periodontal Bacteria of Edo and Modern Periods Using Novel Diagnostic Approach for Periodontitis With Micro-CT.Ancient dental calculus, formed from dental plaque, is a rich source of ancient DNA and can provide information regarding the food and oral microbiology at that time. Genomic analysis of dental calculus from Neanderthals has revealed the difference in bacterial composition of oral microbiome between Neanderthals and modern humans. There are few reports investigating whether the pathogenic bacteria of periodontitis, a polymicrobial disease induced in response to the accumulation of dental plaque, were different between ancient and modern humans. This study aimed to compare the bacterial composition of the oral microbiome in ancient and modern human samples and to investigate whether lifestyle differences depending on the era have altered the bacterial composition of the oral microbiome and 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z20212026-05-09T01:42:59.02Z2022-02-11T11:54:56.805ZS-EPMC84884293461669010.3389/fcimb.2021.723821