biostudies-literatureWilley DNIBIB NIH HHSNIMH NIH HHSNINDS NIH HHSNational Institutes of HealthGE HealthcareNIH HHS3067-3081https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8568668biostudies-literatureUnknown86(6)<h4>Purpose</h4>Gradient-echo echo-planar imaging (EPI), which is typically used for blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional MRI (fMRI), suffers from distortions and signal loss caused by localized B₀ inhomogeneities. Such artifacts cannot be effectively corrected for with the low-order spherical harmonic (SH) shim coils available on most scanners. The integrated parallel reception, excitation, and shimming (iPRES) coil technology allows radiofrequency (RF) and direct currents to flow on each coil element, enabling imaging and localized B₀ shimming with one coil array. iPRES was previously used to correct for distortions in spin-echo EPI and is further developed here to also recover signal loss in gradient-echo EPI.<h4>Methods</h4>The cost function in the Magnetic resonance in medicineApplication of an integrated radio-frequency/shim coil technology for signal recovery in fMRI.PMC8568668R01 NS075017R24 MH106048R21 EB024121S10 OD021480R21 EB018951R01 EB028644Willey DDarnell DTruong TKSong AWfalseApplication of an integrated radio-frequency/shim coil technology for signal recovery in fMRI.<h4>Purpose</h4>Gradient-echo echo-planar imaging (EPI), which is typically used for blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional MRI (fMRI), suffers from distortions and signal loss caused by localized B₀ inhomogeneities. Such artifacts cannot be effectively corrected for with the low-order spherical harmonic (SH) shim coils available on most scanners. The integrated parallel reception, excitation, and shimming (iPRES) coil technology allows radiofrequency (RF) and direct currents to flow on each coil element, enabling imaging and localized B₀ shimming with one coil array. iPRES was previously used to correct for distortions in spin-echo EPI and is further developed here to also recover signal loss in gradient-echo EPI.<h4>Methods</h4>The cost function in the 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 Dec2025-04-04T19:38:10.895Z2025-04-04T19:38:10.895ZS-EPMC85686683428808610.1002/mrm.28925