biostudies-literatureLi JNIDA NIH HHSNCI NIH HHS839-853https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8608030biostudies-literatureUnknown41(2)<h4>Objective</h4>Electronic cigarette (e-cig) use has recently been implicated in promoting atherosclerosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanism of e-cig exposure accelerated atherosclerotic lesion development. Approach and Results: Eight-week-old ApoE^-/- mice fed normal laboratory diet were exposed to e-cig vapor (ECV) for 2 hours/day, 5 days/week for 16 weeks. We found that ECV exposure significantly induced atherosclerotic lesions as examined by Oil Red O staining and greatly upregulated TLR9 (toll-like receptor 9) expression in classical monocytes and in the atherosclerotic plaques, which the latter was corroborated by enhanced TLR9 expression in human femoral artery atherosclerotic plaques from e-cig smokers. Intriguingly, we found a significant increase oArteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biologyElectronic Cigarettes Induce Mitochondrial DNA Damage and Trigger TLR9 (Toll-Like Receptor 9)-Mediated Atherosclerosis.PMC8608030P30 DA013429P01 CA165980P30 CA072720R01 DA040619Li JSteinberg MBHuang JPham KCornwell WDZhang LWang HTang MSKosmider BHuynh LSimborio HLiu CRogers TJZhao HThu Thi Le LfalseElectronic Cigarettes Induce Mitochondrial DNA Damage and Trigger TLR9 (Toll-Like Receptor 9)-Mediated Atherosclerosis.<h4>Objective</h4>Electronic cigarette (e-cig) use has recently been implicated in promoting atherosclerosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanism of e-cig exposure accelerated atherosclerotic lesion development. Approach and Results: Eight-week-old ApoE^-/- mice fed normal laboratory diet were exposed to e-cig vapor (ECV) for 2 hours/day, 5 days/week for 16 weeks. We found that ECV exposure significantly induced atherosclerotic lesions as examined by Oil Red O staining and greatly upregulated TLR9 (toll-like receptor 9) expression in classical monocytes and in the atherosclerotic plaques, which the latter was corroborated by enhanced TLR9 expression in human femoral artery atherosclerotic plaques from e-cig smokers. Intriguingly, we found a significant increase o2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 Feb2026-05-08T18:00:10.507Z2022-02-11T15:50:29.343ZS-EPMC86080303338017410.1161/atvbaha.120.31555610.1161/ATVBAHA.120.315556