biostudies-literatureManohar MSimons FoundationNIAID NIH HHSNational Institutes of HealthNIH HHS2809-2826https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8609920biostudies-literatureUnknown76(9)<h4>Background</h4>Multifood oral immunotherapy (mOIT) with adjunctive anti-IgE (omalizumab, XOLAIR^® ) treatment affords safe, effective, and rapid desensitization to multiple foods, although the specific immune mechanisms mediating this desensitization remain to be fully elucidated.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants in our phase 2 mOIT trial (NCT02643862) received omalizumab from baseline to week 16 and mOIT from week 8 to week 36. We compared the immune profile of PBMCs and plasma taken at baseline, week 8, and week 36 using high-dimensional mass cytometry, component-resolved diagnostics, the indirect basophil activation test, and Luminex.<h4>Results</h4>We found (i) decreased frequency of IL-4⁺ peanut-reactive CD4⁺ T cells and a marked downregulation of GPR15 AllergyImmune changes beyond Th2 pathways during rapid multifood immunotherapy enabled with omalizumab.PMC8609920U19AI1042095UM2AI130836‐04U19 AI104209U01 AI140498R01AI140134-02T32 AI0075125T32AI007512R01AI140134‐02U01 AI140498-03U01 AI1474625UM2AI130836-04R01 AI140134U01 AI140498‐03UM2 AI130836R01AI119918R01 AI119918DeKruyff RHGupta SDesai MBoyd SDOettgen HCZhang WAndorf SNadeau KCRoy Chowdhury RYan ZMinnicozzi SKost LEGalli SJManohar MMaecker HTYu WKirkey MBunning BChinthrajah RSDunham DfalseImmune changes beyond Th2 pathways during rapid multifood immunotherapy enabled with omalizumab.<h4>Background</h4>Multifood oral immunotherapy (mOIT) with adjunctive anti-IgE (omalizumab, XOLAIR^® ) treatment affords safe, effective, and rapid desensitization to multiple foods, although the specific immune mechanisms mediating this desensitization remain to be fully elucidated.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants in our phase 2 mOIT trial (NCT02643862) received omalizumab from baseline to week 16 and mOIT from week 8 to week 36. We compared the immune profile of PBMCs and plasma taken at baseline, week 8, and week 36 using high-dimensional mass cytometry, component-resolved diagnostics, the indirect basophil activation test, and Luminex.<h4>Results</h4>We found (i) decreased frequency of IL-4⁺ peanut-reactive CD4⁺ T cells and a marked downregulation of GPR15 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 Sep2026-05-08T01:54:29.503Z2024-11-20T11:17:59.577ZS-EPMC86099203378295610.1111/all.14833