biostudies-literatureZavaglio FMinistero della SaluteFondazione Cariplo2261https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8621286biostudies-literatureUnknown13(11)The development and persistence of SARS-CoV-2-specific immune response in immunocompetent (IC) and immunocompromised patients is crucial for long-term protection. Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection was analysed in 57 IC and 15 solid organ transplanted (TX) patients. Antibody responses were determined by ELISA and neutralization assay. T-cell response was determined by stimulation with peptide pools of the Spike, Envelope, Membrane, and Nucleocapsid proteins with a 20-h Activation Induced Marker (AIM) and 7-day lymphoproliferative assays. Antibody response was detected at similar levels in IC and TX patients. Anti-Spike IgG, IgA and neutralizing antibodies persisted for at least one year, while anti-Nucleocapsid IgG declined earlier. Patients with pneumonia developed higher antibody leVirusesRobust and Persistent B- and T-Cell Responses after COVID-19 in Immunocompetent and Solid Organ Transplant Recipient Patients.PMC8621286CoVIM, no. 2020-1374BIAS no. 2020-12371760Sammartino JCSeminari ERizzi MMorosini MMallela VRMinisini RBaldanti FCattadori BZavaglio FFrangipane VSainaghi PPFerrari ARampino TDi Matteo ATonello SGregorini MGabanti EZelini PMeloni FPellegrini CAsti ALilleri DfalseRobust and Persistent B- and T-Cell Responses after COVID-19 in Immunocompetent and Solid Organ Transplant Recipient Patients.The development and persistence of SARS-CoV-2-specific immune response in immunocompetent (IC) and immunocompromised patients is crucial for long-term protection. Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection was analysed in 57 IC and 15 solid organ transplanted (TX) patients. Antibody responses were determined by ELISA and neutralization assay. T-cell response was determined by stimulation with peptide pools of the Spike, Envelope, Membrane, and Nucleocapsid proteins with a 20-h Activation Induced Marker (AIM) and 7-day lymphoproliferative assays. Antibody response was detected at similar levels in IC and TX patients. Anti-Spike IgG, IgA and neutralizing antibodies persisted for at least one year, while anti-Nucleocapsid IgG declined earlier. Patients with pneumonia developed higher antibody le2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 Nov2025-05-31T23:33:23.446Z2025-05-31T23:33:23.446ZS-EPMC86212863483506710.3390/v13112261