{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["10(11)"],"submitter":["Acchioni C"],"pubmed_abstract":["Despite the success of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), integrated HIV-1 proviral DNA cannot be eradicated from an infected individual. HAART is not able to eliminate latently infected cells that remain invisible to the immune system. Viral sanctuaries in specific tissues and immune-privileged sites may cause residual viral replication that contributes to HIV-1 persistence. The \"Shock or Kick, and Kill\" approach uses latency reversing agents (LRAs) in the presence of HAART, followed by cell-killing due to viral cytopathic effects and immune-mediated clearance. Different LRAs may be required for the in vivo reactivation of HIV-1 in different CD4+ T cell reservoirs, leading to the activation of cellular transcription factors acting on the integrated proviral HIV-1 LTR. An import"],"journal":["Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)"],"pagination":["1517"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8622007"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"pubmed_title":["Fighting HIV-1 Persistence: At the Crossroads of \"Shoc-K and B-Lock\"."],"pmcid":["PMC8622007"],"pubmed_authors":["Acchioni M","Hiscott J","Palermo E","Sandini S","Acchioni C","Sgarbanti M"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Fighting HIV-1 Persistence: At the Crossroads of \"Shoc-K and B-Lock\".","description":"Despite the success of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), integrated HIV-1 proviral DNA cannot be eradicated from an infected individual. HAART is not able to eliminate latently infected cells that remain invisible to the immune system. Viral sanctuaries in specific tissues and immune-privileged sites may cause residual viral replication that contributes to HIV-1 persistence. The \"Shock or Kick, and Kill\" approach uses latency reversing agents (LRAs) in the presence of HAART, followed by cell-killing due to viral cytopathic effects and immune-mediated clearance. Different LRAs may be required for the in vivo reactivation of HIV-1 in different CD4+ T cell reservoirs, leading to the activation of cellular transcription factors acting on the integrated proviral HIV-1 LTR. An import","dates":{"release":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2021 Nov","modification":"2025-04-04T11:13:19.93Z","creation":"2022-02-11T13:34:59.258Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC8622007","cross_references":{"pubmed":["34832672"],"doi":["10.3390/pathogens10111517"]}}