biostudies-literatureHammel MAgence Nationale de la RechercheConseil Régional de Normandie, LabEx CeMEDNCI NIH HHSMontpellier Université d'Excellence736-751https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8716645biostudies-literatureUnknown31(3)Transmissible cancers are parasitic malignant cell lineages that have acquired the ability to infect new hosts from the same species, or sometimes related species. First described in dogs and Tasmanian devils, transmissible cancers were later discovered in some marine bivalves affected by a leukaemia-like disease. In Mytilus mussels, two lineages of bivalve transmissible neoplasia (BTN) have been described to date (MtrBTN1 and MtrBTN2), both of which emerged in a Mytilus trossulus founder individual. Here, we performed extensive screening of genetic chimerism, a hallmark of transmissible cancer, by genotyping 106 single nucleotide polymorphisms of 5,907 European Mytilus mussels. Genetic analysis allowed us to simultaneously obtain the genotype of hosts - Mytilus edulis, M. galloprovincialiMolecular ecologyPrevalence and polymorphism of a mussel transmissible cancer in Europe.PMC8716645ANR-18-CE35-0009K22 CA226047Lamy JBHammel MBurioli EAVCharriere GMPepin JFDestoumieux-Garzon DSimon AArbiol CWelch JJBierne NBenabdelmouna AMetzger MJVillalba AHoussin MBernard IfalsePrevalence and polymorphism of a mussel transmissible cancer in Europe.Transmissible cancers are parasitic malignant cell lineages that have acquired the ability to infect new hosts from the same species, or sometimes related species. First described in dogs and Tasmanian devils, transmissible cancers were later discovered in some marine bivalves affected by a leukaemia-like disease. In Mytilus mussels, two lineages of bivalve transmissible neoplasia (BTN) have been described to date (MtrBTN1 and MtrBTN2), both of which emerged in a Mytilus trossulus founder individual. Here, we performed extensive screening of genetic chimerism, a hallmark of transmissible cancer, by genotyping 106 single nucleotide polymorphisms of 5,907 European Mytilus mussels. Genetic analysis allowed us to simultaneously obtain the genotype of hosts - Mytilus edulis, M. galloprovinciali2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Feb2026-05-09T22:38:40.031Z2025-02-19T03:25:59.802ZS-EPMC87166453419238310.1111/mec.16052