{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["191(4)"],"submitter":["Huntley KS"],"pubmed_abstract":["In the United States, state governors initially enacted coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19)-mitigation policies with limited epidemiologic data. One prevailing legislative approach, from March to May 2020, was the implementation of \"stay-at-home\" (SAH) executive orders. Although social distancing was encouraged, SAH orders varied between states, and the associations between potential legal prosecution and COVID-19 outcomes are currently unknown. Here, we provide empirical evidence on how executive enforcement of movement restrictions may influence population health during an infectious disease outbreak. A generalized linear model with negative binomial regression family compared COVID-19 outcomes in states with law-enforceable stay-at-home (eSAH) orders versus those with unenforceable or no SAH orders (uSAH), controlling for demographic factors, socioeconomic influences, health comorbidities, and social distancing. COVID-19 incidence was less by 1.22 cases per day per capita in eSAH states compared with uSAH states (coefficient = -1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.83, -0.61; P < 0.001), and each subsequent day without an eSAH order was associated with a 0.03 incidence increase (coefficient = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.04; P < 0.001). Daily mortality was 1.96 less for eSAH states per capita (coefficient = -1.96, 95% CI: -3.25, -0.68; P = 0.004). Our findings suggest allowing the enforcement of public health violations, compared with community education alone, is predictive of improved COVID-19 outcomes."],"journal":["American journal of epidemiology"],"pagination":["561-569"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8780467"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"pubmed_title":["Associations of Stay-at-Home Order Enforcement With COVID-19 Population Outcomes: An Interstate Statistical Analysis."],"pmcid":["PMC8780467"],"pubmed_authors":["Mintz J","Raine S","Wahood W","Hardigan P","Haffizulla F","Huntley KS"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Associations of Stay-at-Home Order Enforcement With COVID-19 Population Outcomes: An Interstate Statistical Analysis.","description":"In the United States, state governors initially enacted coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19)-mitigation policies with limited epidemiologic data. One prevailing legislative approach, from March to May 2020, was the implementation of \"stay-at-home\" (SAH) executive orders. Although social distancing was encouraged, SAH orders varied between states, and the associations between potential legal prosecution and COVID-19 outcomes are currently unknown. Here, we provide empirical evidence on how executive enforcement of movement restrictions may influence population health during an infectious disease outbreak. A generalized linear model with negative binomial regression family compared COVID-19 outcomes in states with law-enforceable stay-at-home (eSAH) orders versus those with unenforceable or no SAH orders (uSAH), controlling for demographic factors, socioeconomic influences, health comorbidities, and social distancing. COVID-19 incidence was less by 1.22 cases per day per capita in eSAH states compared with uSAH states (coefficient = -1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.83, -0.61; P < 0.001), and each subsequent day without an eSAH order was associated with a 0.03 incidence increase (coefficient = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.04; P < 0.001). Daily mortality was 1.96 less for eSAH states per capita (coefficient = -1.96, 95% CI: -3.25, -0.68; P = 0.004). Our findings suggest allowing the enforcement of public health violations, compared with community education alone, is predictive of improved COVID-19 outcomes.","dates":{"release":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2022 Mar","modification":"2024-11-21T01:13:30.371Z","creation":"2022-02-11T16:22:50.079Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC8780467","cross_references":{"pubmed":["34729584"],"doi":["10.1093/aje/kwab267"]}}