biostudies-literatureLee ANIDDK NIH HHSNIAID NIH HHSU.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health549https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8795432biostudies-literatureUnknown13(1)Adjuvants hold great potential in enhancing vaccine efficacy, making the understanding and improving of adjuvants critical goals in vaccinology. The TLR7/8 agonist, 3M-052, induces long-lived humoral immunity in non-human primates and is currently being evaluated in human clinical trials. However, the innate mechanisms of 3M-052 have not been fully characterized. Here, we perform flow cytometry, single cell RNA-seq and ATAC-seq to profile the kinetics, transcriptomics and epigenomics of innate immune cells in murine draining lymph nodes following 3M-052-Alum/Ovalbumin immunization. We find that 3M-052-Alum/OVA induces a robust antiviral and interferon gene program, similar to the yellow fever vaccine, which is known to confer long-lasting protection. Activation of myeloid cells in dLNs persists through day 28 and single cell analysis reveals putative TF-gene regulatory programs in distinct myeloid cells and heterogeneity of monocytes. This study provides a comprehensive characterization of the transcriptomics and epigenomics of innate populations in the dLNs after vaccination.Nature communicationsA molecular atlas of innate immunity to adjuvanted and live attenuated vaccines, in mice.PMC8795432U19 AI057266R01 AI048638; R37 DK057665; U19 AI057266; U19 AI090023R37 DK057665U19 AI057229U19 AI109662U19 AI090023R01 AI048638R01 AI125197Lee AWimmers FArunachalam PSTomai MFox CBLuo WScott MKDKhatri PPulendran BfalseA molecular atlas of innate immunity to adjuvanted and live attenuated vaccines, in mice.Adjuvants hold great potential in enhancing vaccine efficacy, making the understanding and improving of adjuvants critical goals in vaccinology. The TLR7/8 agonist, 3M-052, induces long-lived humoral immunity in non-human primates and is currently being evaluated in human clinical trials. However, the innate mechanisms of 3M-052 have not been fully characterized. Here, we perform flow cytometry, single cell RNA-seq and ATAC-seq to profile the kinetics, transcriptomics and epigenomics of innate immune cells in murine draining lymph nodes following 3M-052-Alum/Ovalbumin immunization. We find that 3M-052-Alum/OVA induces a robust antiviral and interferon gene program, similar to the yellow fever vaccine, which is known to confer long-lasting protection. Activation of myeloid cells in dLNs persists through day 28 and single cell analysis reveals putative TF-gene regulatory programs in distinct myeloid cells and heterogeneity of monocytes. This study provides a comprehensive characterization of the transcriptomics and epigenomics of innate populations in the dLNs after vaccination.2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Jan2024-11-14T03:50:34.242Z2024-11-14T03:50:34.242ZS-EPMC87954323508709310.1038/s41467-022-28197-9