biostudies-literatureArantes CCNational Science Foundation (US)Dissertation Fellowship and Tom Slick FellowshipUSDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, McIntire Stennis projectConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, BrazilGordon and Betty Moore FoundationWorld Wildlife FundApplied Biodiversity Science ProgramNational Science Foundation678-690https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8800982biostudies-literatureUnknown51(3)Communities throughout the globe are increasingly being given the responsibility of resource management, making it necessary to understand the factors that lead to success in community-based management (CBM). Here, we assessed whether and how institutional design principles affect the ecological outcomes of CBM schemes for Arapaima sp., an important common-pool fishery resource of the Amazon Basin. We quantified the degree of presence of Ostrom's (Science 325:419-422, 1990) institutional design principles in 83 communities using a systematic survey, and quantitatively linked the design principles to a measure of ecological outcome (arapaima density) in a subset of 39 communities to assess their influence. To understand regional patterns of institutional capacity for CBM, we evaluated the dAmbioInstitutional effects on ecological outcomes of community-based management of fisheries in the Amazon.PMC8800982200893/2012-21026124479434/2010-71639115Basurto XSene-Haper AArantes CCAngeli NCastello LMcGrath DGfalseInstitutional effects on ecological outcomes of community-based management of fisheries in the Amazon.Communities throughout the globe are increasingly being given the responsibility of resource management, making it necessary to understand the factors that lead to success in community-based management (CBM). Here, we assessed whether and how institutional design principles affect the ecological outcomes of CBM schemes for Arapaima sp., an important common-pool fishery resource of the Amazon Basin. We quantified the degree of presence of Ostrom's (Science 325:419-422, 1990) institutional design principles in 83 communities using a systematic survey, and quantitatively linked the design principles to a measure of ecological outcome (arapaima density) in a subset of 39 communities to assess their influence. To understand regional patterns of institutional capacity for CBM, we evaluated the d2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Mar2025-04-04T21:44:03.216Z2025-04-04T21:44:03.216ZS-EPMC88009823413699510.1007/s13280-021-01575-1